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REGULATIONS 

(TENTATIVE) 


FOR 


MOTOR  TRUCK  TRANSPORTATION 
QUARTERMASTER  CORPS 
U.  S.  ARMY 


Bliii!!! 


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1917 


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WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFHCE 

1917 


REGULATIONS 

(TENTATIVE) 


FOR 


MOTOR  TRUCK  TRANSPORTATION 
QUARTERMASTER  CORPS 
U.  S.  ARMY 


V 


1917 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFnCE 

1917 


REGULATIONS  FOR  MOTOR  TRUCK  TRANS- 
PORTATION. 


War  Department, 
Ofiice  of  the  Quartermaster  General, 

Washington,  October  26,  1917. 
The  following  regulations  for  the  operation  of  motor  transporta- 
tion are  published  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  all  con- 
cerned operating  or  connected  with  motor  transportation  controlled 
by  the  Quartermaster  Corps.  These  regulations  are  based  on  data 
collected  from  experience  gained  principally  in  the  Southern  Depart- 
ment as  developed  by  maneuvers,  tests,  and  expeditions,  and  are 
intended  to  indicate  a  uniform  method  of  organizing  and  operating 
truck  companies  and  handling  of  motor  transportation  m  general. 
It  is  expected  that  the  same  will  be  amended  as  conditions  warrant, 
on  recommendations  properly  presented,  ultimately  to  be  replaced 
by  more  thoroughly  prepared  compilations. 

Henry  D.  Sharpe, 

Quartermaster  General. 

(3) 


369518 


COMPOSITION  OF  A  MOTOR  TRUCK  COMPANY. 

PERSONNEL. 

Commissionod  oflicers: 
1  litnitoimnt— 

Company  coinmiinder. 
Enlisted  men,  Quartermaster  Corps : 

1  sers-ennt.  first  cl;iss — 

Truckmaster. 
G  sergeants — 

3  assistant  truckmasters. 
1  mechanic. 
1  clerk. 

1  mess  and  property  sergeant. 
32  corporals. 

Chauffeurs. 

2  cooks. 

12  privates,  first  class — 

2  assistant  mechanics. 
1  messenger. 

9  assistant  chauffeux'S. 
23  privates — 

Assistant  chauffeurs. 

7G  total  enlisted. 
Note. — All  of  the  personnel  of  a  motor  truck  company,  excepting  the  cooks, 
should  be  properly  qualified  chauffeurs. 
Vehicle  equipment  of  a  motor  truck  company: 

1  motor  car   (roadster  for  company  commander). 
1  truck,  repair  (light,  used  by  truckmaster). 
27  truck.s.  cargo. 

1  truck  (baggage,  ration,  spare  parts). 

2  trucks  (gasoline  supply). 
1  rolling  kitchen,  trailer  type. 

All  trucks  are  normally  equipped  with  war  body,  as  it  is  desirable  not  to  have 
any  special  type  l)0(ly  with  a  truck  company  equipment.  The  repair  and  kUchcn 
truck  Is  an  ordinary  cargo  truck,  oquiitped  with  removable  chests,  benches, 
and  requirements  for  repair  tools  and  i)arts  and  kitchen  equiiiment.  The  gaso- 
line supply  trucks  ai'e  ordin.-iry  cnrgo  trucks,  with  a  special  equipment  of  inct.-il 
drums  and  pumps.  The  class  "B"  truck  is  equipped  to  carry  30  gasoline 
tlrums,  giving  a  capacity  of  5o0  gallons.  The  class  "A"  truck  carries  5  gasoline 
drums,  giving  a  capacity  of  275  gallons. 

The  detailed  list  of  articles  forming  the  complete  equipment  of  a  truck  com- 
pany will  be  found  under  chapter  pertaining  to  "  Mechanical  operation." 

(5) 


Vll  the  same  capacity,  1}  or  3  ton, 
as  may  be  designated. 


Opgasization  of  Truck  Company. 

Tlie  truck  company  is  normally  organized  into  three  sections  of  nine  trucks, 
each  section  under  command  of  an  assistant  truckmaster.  The  service  trucks 
not  forming  an  integral  part  of  the  cargo  sections  are  usually  kept  under  the 
immediate  orders  of  the  truckmaster.  When  the  company  is  not  operating  as  a 
train,  or  when  gasoline-supply  trucks  are  not  needed,  these  trucks  may  be 
assigned  to  cargo  work,  and  in  such  case  should  be  attached  to  sections. 

The  administration  of  a  truck  company  is  identical  with  that  of  a  company, 
troop,  or  battery.  The  company  commander  is  responsible  for  the  operation, 
supply,  and  discipline  of  his  command.  He  is  assisted  by  the  truckmaster, 
whose  duties  are  analogous  to  those  of  a  first  sergeant.  The  truckmaster  is 
the  executive,  and  sees  th:;t  all  orders  or  instructions  are  properly  caiTied  out. 

Each  assistant  truckmaster  is  responsible  for  the  discipline  of  the  men  of 
his  section,  and  for  the  proper  operation  and  up-keep  of  the  equipment  as- 
signed thereto.  All  orders  or  instructions  to  various  members  of  a  section 
should  be  given  to  the  assistant  truckmaster  in  charge  thereof  and  he  should 
be  held  rigidly  accountable  for  the  condition  and  operation  of  his  section. 

The  assistant  mechanics  are  under  the  supervision  of  the  mechanic,  who 
should  be  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  truckmaster.  They  perform 
such  mechanical  work  as  the  company  commander  may  direct. 

The  mess  sergeant  has  general  charge  of  the  mess,  and  the  cooks  are  under 
his  supervision.  He  has  control  of  all  materials  and  supplies  for  the  company, 
and  is  accountable  for  their  proper  issue  and  use.  He  is  assisted  in  care  and 
issues  of  property  by  one  of  the  assistant  chauffeurs,  usually  by  assistant  chauf- 
feur of  the  light  repair  truck  or  cargo-truck  clerk,  etc.  The  company  clerk 
keeps  all  records  of  personnel,  property,  and  operation,  and  performs  such  other 
duties  as  the  company  commander  may  require. 

BECOBDS. 

The  records  of  a  truck  company  pertain  to  personnel,  property,  and  operation : 

1.  Personal  records. — These  are  the  same  as  those  for  a  troop,  battery,  or 
company.  A  list  thereof  is  given  below.  These  records  are  kept  according  to 
Instruction  printed  thereon. 

2.  Property  Records. — Each  company  keeps  its  own  account  of  property  held 
on  niemor.iudum  receipt  from  supply-train  property  officer.  The  necessary  rec- 
ords for  these  property  accounts  are  enumerated  herewith.  They  are  kept  ac- 
cording to  instruction  printed  therewith. 

3.  Truck  operation  records. — These  include  reports  of  operation  of  truck 
companies,  cost  reports,  and  reports  of  change  or  condition  of  motor  material. 
The  various  reports  and  method  of  keeping  same  are  shown  in  Appendix  A. 

4.  Miscellaneous  records. — In  addition  to  the  above,  the  records  and  publica- 
tions shown  in  Appendix  A  should  be  procured  and  kept  by  each  truck  company. 

Records. 

records  of  personnel. 

1.  A  service  record  (Form  No.  29,  A.  G.  O.)  will  be  prepared  in  the  case  of 
each  member  of  the  company,  whether  enlisted  or  civilian.  On  this  service 
record  will  be  entered  all  data  necessary  for  a  complete  history  of  the  man. 
The  same  care  will  be  exercised  in  keeping  this  record  complete  for  civilian 
employees  as  for  enlisted  men. 


2.  Monthly  returns  (Forms  Nos.  30,  A.  G.  O.,  and  434,  Q.  M.  C.).— For  en- 
listed companies. 

3.  Muster  rolls  (Form  No.  61-Gla.  A.  G.  O.).— Instructions  on  tlie  form  to 
be  ."trictly  complied  witli.     For  enlisteil  companies  only. 

4.  Record  of  service  (Form  No.  174,  Q.  M.  C.).— For  companies  with  civilian 

personnel. 

5.  Records  of  eourt-tuartial  (Form  No.  o94.  A.  G.  O.). 

6.  Morning  reports  (Form  No,  332,  A.  G.  O.). 

7.  Sick  reports  (Form  No.  339,  A.  G,  O.). 

8.  Duty  rosters  (Form  No.  342,  A.  G.  O.). 

9.  J'ay  rolls  (Form  No.  366-366a.  W.  D.,  Q.  M.  C.).— For  enlisted  companies. 
(Form  No.  334-334a.  Q.  M.  C,  will  be  used  for  civilian  personnel.)  Rolls  to 
be  prepared  in  triplicate,  one  copy  being  retained  for  record. 

10.  Correspondence  hook  (see  List  A).— To  be  supplemented  by  a  document 
file.     To  be  kept  as  indicated  by  instructions  contained  therein. 

RECORDS   OF    I'ROPEKTY. 

1.  Property  book. — Forms  used  in  connection  with  property  account;  Forms 
No,  200,  201,  203,  205,  208,  and  210 :  also  Reports  of  Survey  Forms  No.  196, 
A.  G.  O.  (List  A)  when  they  cover  this  ch'.ss  of  property;  instructions  contained 
on  blank  forms  and  in  Circular  38,  Q.  M.  G.  O.,  1913,  revised  (List  B). 

2.  Individual  property  account.— A  record  of  property  in  the  personal  pos- 
session of  the  members  of  the  organization  will  also  be  kept  on  proper  form. 

(This  covers  ordnance  as  well  as  quartermaster  property.)     Binders  for  Form 
No.  200  and  501,  Q.  M.  C,  can  be  obtained  on  requisition  Form  No.  IGO  Q.  M.  C. 

3.  Clothing.— A  record  of  clothing  drawn  and  issued  will  be  kept.  Forms  No. 
165.  lG5b,  and  180,  Q.  M.  C.  as  well  as  the  amounts  charged  to  the  men  on 
their  descriptive  lists.     (Check  against  service  method.) 

4.  Requisitions,  shipping  orders  and  iraybills,  etc. — A  retained  file  of  these 
papers  should  be  kept. 

5.  Ordnance  returns. — Ordnance  will  be  held  on  memorandum  receipt  from 
train  supply  officer. 

Funds. 

1.  Company  council  book  (Form  No.  452,  Q.  M.  C.).— A  record  of  all  receipts 
and  disbursements  pertaining  to  the  company,  to  be  supported  by  vouchers  in 
accordance  with  printed  instructions  therewith. 

RECORDS    OF    OPERATION    AND    MAINTENANCE. 

1.  A  record  will  be  kept  in  each  company  of  all  motor-driven  vehicles  as- 
signed thereto  (Model  "a"  following).  This  record  will  show  the  United 
States  number  and  serial  number  of  each  truck.  In  addition  to  this  there  will 
be  kept  a  record  of  each  motor  number,  battery  number,  tire  numbers,  etc., 
showing  to  which  truck  they  are  assigned.  Changes  will  be  made  as  they  occur 
so  that  this  record  will  be  complete  and  correct  at  all  times. 

2.  Each  driver  will  submit  daily  a  report  (Model  "b"  following),  showing 
the  mileage,  tons  hauled,  gasoline  and  oils  used,  etc.  Books  of  these  blank 
reports  will  be  furnished  by  the  quartermaster. 

3.  A  cost  record  will  be  kept  for  each  vehicle  (Model  "c"  following).  This 
can  be  done  by  using  an  ordinary  blank  book  issued  by  the  quartermaster,  neces- 
sary columns  being  ruled  off.  The  cost  of  all  repairs,  the  amount  and  cost  of 
all  gasoline,  oils,  grease,  etc.,  wages  or  pay  of  chauffeurs,  number  of  days  laid 


8 

up  for  repairs,  etc.;  in  fact,  everytliiiig  required  to  render  an  accurate  and  euni- 
prelieusive  report  on  Forms  41G  and  417  Q.  M.  O.  (List  B).  Tliis  report  will 
be  prepared  in  triplicate,  at  the  end  of  each  quarter,  llie  original  and  one  copy 
being  rendered  to  the  department  quartermaster,  the  other  copy  retained  with 
the  company  records. 

Model  "  a.'' 

consolidated  motor uecohd. 


Truck   company   No. 


U.S. 

Maker's 
No. 

Name  of 
truck. 

Model, 
year. 

Re- 
ceive!, 
date. 

Re- 

cei\ed 
from. 

Condi- 
tion 
when 
received. 

Pre- 
vious 
ser^ije. 

Tiros. 

Re- 

No. 

Make. 

Type. 

Size. 

marks. 

Model   '  b." 
driver's  daily  truck  eepokt. 


Trip 
No. 

From— 

Leave. 

To— 

Arrive 

Miles. 

Pounds. 

Ton. 

Ton- 
miles. 

T 

OTALS.. 

Supplies. 

On  hand. 

Received. 

Total. 

Used. 

Balance. 

Gasoline gallons 

Oil.  heavv .  .                     Quarts 

Oil,  light do 

Oil do.... 

Grease,  cup do 

G re  ise,  transmission do    .. 

Gre.vse do 





1 

Repairs   required; 
Remarks : 


Driver, 

I»!ltC 

Truck  No., 

Company  No., 


.,  U)l_. 


Trnrk   No. 


!) 
Model  "  c." 

COST    KECORD. 


1 

b 

Miles  run. 

Cost  of  operation. 

Supplies  used. 

Tires. 

c 

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£ 

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The  following:  is  estiinnted  as  a  three   (3)    mouths'  supply  of  blauk  forms 
icqulred  by  a  motor-truck  compauy : 

"A." — Supplied  by  the  Adjutant  General's  Department. 


Quan- 
tity 
rs'inired. 


Description. 


Statement  of  ser  ire  (to  accompany  general  or  special  coiirt-mariia]  charpes 
a''ainst  enlisted  men). 

Cert  ificalp  or  ilisaliility  for  discharge  (prepared  only  upon  request  of  the  surgeon). 

Field  return  (a  retained  copy  to  be  ^ept). 

Sorvice  record. 

Reti;m  oi  company  (with  model).  This  report  is  rendered  the  1st  day  of  each 
month. 

Inventory  of  effects  of  a  deceased  soldier. 

Muster  roll  (in  triplicate  for  motor-truck  company,  the oririnal  tohesent  toThe 
Ad'iTtant  General  of  the  .Army,  one  copy  sent  throusrh  department  quarier- 
mastor  lo  the  Quartermasler  General,  the  other  copy  retained  as  a  perma- 
nent record  of  the  company). 

Extra  sheet  to  muster  roll. 

Furloiirh. 

Descriptive  list  of  deserter. 

Report  of  survey. 

Momine  report  (with  model  and  instructions). 

Daily  sick  report. 

Duty  roster  (with  model). 

Reiiiiisition  for  books  and  blanks  furnished  by  The  Adjutant  General's  Depart- 
ment. 

Report  of  death  and  disposal  of  remains. 

Furloiii-'h  and  transfer  to  .\rmy  Reserve. 

Reservist 's  descriptive  card. 

Re.sorvlst's  quarterly  report  card. 

Honorable  discharge'  from  the  United  States  Army.  (See  A,  R.,  148,  as  to  use  of 
blanks.) 

Discharge  from  the  United  States  .\rmy. 

r»ishonorable  discharge  from  the  United  States  Army. 

Rppnrl  of  furlouL'h  to  reserve. 

Chari:e  sheet  for  co  irt-mariial.  Correspondence  model.  (See  compilation  of 
general  orders,  bulletins,  and  circulars.  Correspondence  IxkiU  to  l>e  supple- 
mented by  a  correspondence  document  file,  as  indicated  by  iiisiructions  in  the 
boo  A.) 


The  foresoliig  are  supplieil  through  the  division  or  department  adjutant's 
office,    litnd  eurefulli/  the  instructiuns  on  each  blank. 


21820—17- 


10 


'i?.'" — SuiJijIictJ  bii  the  QiKirteDiiastcr  Corps. 


Quan- 
tity 
required. 


12 
12 
12 
60 


12 
6 
1 

12 

24 
1 
1 

50 


Form  No. 


334,  W.  D. 
334a,  W.  D. 

366,  \V.  D. 
366a,  W.  D. 


370,  W.D. 
8a,Q.M.C. 

38 
39 
41 
69 
70 
160 


Description. 


150 
200 

160a 
165 

12 

165b 

12 
12 

180 
213 

1 

1 

36 

223 

406 
416 

6 

417 

12 
1 

30 
100 

434 
452 

493 
501 

100 

509 

1 

174 

Pay  roll  (civilian  employees),  when  needed. 

Pay  roll  (ci^lIian  employees),  extra  sheet,  when  needed. 

Pay  roll  (enlisted  men). 

Pay  roll  (enlisted  men),  follow  sheet.  To  be  made  in  triplicate,  the  original  and 
one  copy  forwarded  to  the  quartermaster  paving  troops,  the  other  copvretained 
as  a  record  of  the  company.    Data  for  roll  obtained  from  descriptive  lists. 

Final  statement  (instructions  shown  on  form). 

Ad\ice  of  soldiers'  deposits. 

Soldiers'  allotment  blank  (book  form). 

Discontinuance  soldiers'  allotments. 

Soldier's  deposit  book. 

Model  remarks  for  Army  pay  rolls  (enlisted  men). 

Instructions  for  Army  pay  rolls  (enlisted  men). 

Requisition.  To  be  "used  as  needed.  Ordinarily  all  property  is  obtained  on 
request  from  train  supply  officer  or  when  truck  companv  is  detached  all  prop- 
erty will  be  obtained  on  request  from  local  supplv  officers,  who  will  take  truck 
company  commanders  memorandum  receipt.  He  will  then  invoice  this  prop- 
erty to  the  train  supply  officer,  attaching  copy  of  memorandum  receipt  to 
invoice. 

Extra  sheet  to  Form  160. 

Individual  clothing  slip.  Used  by  soldier  in  making  request  for  clothing;  instruc- 
tions given  on  back  of  form. 

Statement  of  clothing  charged  to  enlisted  men.  Instructions  given  on  back  of 
form. 

Abstract  of  clothing  drawn  (or  issued)  on  individual  clothing  slips. 

Requisiton  for  clothing.  Prepared  in  triplicate  bv  the  organization  commander 
and  sent  direct  to  the  quartermaster  who  issue's  the  clothing. 

Ration  returns  (book). 

Official  telegram  (book  of  50). 

Quarterly  report  of  motor  trucks  on  hand.  (See  Record  of  operation  and  main- 
tenance.) 

Quarterly  report  of  automobiles  on  hand.  (See  Record  of  operation  and  main- 
tenance.) 

Retiu-n  of  enlisted  men,  Quartermaster  Corps.    (See  also  List  "A".) 

Company  council  book.    (See  Funds.) 

Transfer  of  motor  vehicle. 

Individual  personal  equipment  (receipt).  Loose-leaf  form  of  receipt  signed  by 
the  soldier  for  the  individual  arms  and  equipment  issued  him. 

Delinquency  record  (enlisted  men).  Loose-leaf  form  for  recording  oflenses  of 
enlisted  nien,  their  kind  and  punishment. 

Record  of  service,  civilian  employes.    Binders,  for  Forms  200  and  501,  Q.  M.  C, 

can  be  obtained  on  requisition  (Form  No.  160)  when  needed. 


The  local  quartermaster  or  supply  officer  Is  ordinarily  the  source  from  which 
these  forms  may  be  obtained,  except  Xos.  452  and  501  and  binders,  which  are 
furnished  by  the  Quartermaster  General.  Read  carefully  the  instructions  on 
each  blank. 

"C." — Sujrplied  hy  the  Orrlnance  Department. 


Quantity, 
required. 

Form 
No. 

Description. 

4 

18-eover. 

Ordnance  return. 

12 

18 

Additional  sheets  with  blank  headines.  To  be  filled  in  according  to  classifica- 
tion of  stores  received. 

4 

86 

Statement  of  charges.    To  be  posted  as  charges  are  entered  and  submitted 

with  return. 

12 

94 

Monthly  report  of  ordnance  charges.    To  be  forwarded  with  the  rolls  on  which 

charges  are  entered. 

48 

146 

Transfer  of  ordnance  supplies. 

48 

152 

Transfer  of  ordnance  supplies,  imder  paragraph  1535,  A.  R.,  in  possession  of 
enlisted  men. 

12 

386 

Requisition  for  ordnance  stores. 

Instructions  as  to  the  preparation  of  the  foregoing  are  printed  on  the  forms. 
These  should  be  carefully  studied  before  making  up. 

All  are  furnished  by  the  Chief  of  Ordnance,  Washington,  D.  C,  or  by  local 
ordnance  officer. 


11 

MISCELLANKOUS    HOOKS    AxNl)    IMIILICATIONS. 

1.  Army   Ki'.uulntions.    fuiiiislKMl   liy   the  Adjutant  General   of  the  Army. 

2.  Copies  of  all  wncral  orders,  bulletins,  and  circulars  issued  from  tlie  vari- 
ous liead»iu:irters  under  wlucli  the  coiniiany  is  si-rvin.i:.  Files  in  wliicli  to  keep 
above  can  be  obtained  by  requisition  on  the  quartermaster. 

3.  Manual  for  courts-martial.  1917,  furnishe^l  by  The  Adjutant  (Jeneral  of  the 

Army. 

4.  Coniiiilation  of  f>en«>ral  orders,  bulletins,  nnd  circulars,  1881-191.").  furnished 

by  The  Adjutant  General  of  the  Army. 

5.  There  should  be  kept  on  file  a  loose-leaf  memorandum  book  with  index, 
in  whicli  to  enter  such  instructions,  information,  memoranda,  etc.,  which  may 
lie  very  useful  to  ret;iin  r««i-  reference  jind  which  is  not  covered  by  other  regu- 
lations or  orders. 

6.  Catalogues,  insi ruction  Ixioks,  etc..  for  the  make  and  kind  of  vehicles  with 
which  the  company  is  equipped. 

7.  A  standard  handbook  of  motor  vehicles:  Recommended.  Dyke's  Auto- 
mobile and  Gasoline  Engine  Encyclopedia.  This  should  be  obtained  by  requi- 
sition on  the  quartermaster  or  supply  officer. 

8.  Manual  for  the  Quartermaster  Corps,  furnished  by  the  Quartermaster 
General. 

Operation. 

Mechanical  equipment. — The  equipment  pertaining  to  a  motor-truck  company 
consists  of  two  general  classes:  (a)  Motor  vehicles,  spare  parts  thereof,  and 
other  special  automobile  equipment ;  {b)  other  property  that  is  common  to  all 
motor-truck  companies  irrespective  of  the  make  of  truck  assigned  thereto. 

(o)  Motor  vehicles,  etc. — The  motor  vehicles  assigned  to  a  company  will  be 
one  of  the  various  standard  manufactured  trucks  approved  by  the  Quartermas- 
ter General.  This  same  condition  obtains  with  reference  to  the  passenger  cars 
assigned  to  a  company.  The  details  of  this  equipment  vary  according  to  the 
specific  make  of  truck,  and  there  is  no  general  list  of  equipment  that  covers 
all  these  types.  This  specific  list,  however,  will  be  given  in  the  invoices  or 
other  record  of  property  furnished  the  company  commander  when  he  receives 
the  motor  vehicles  assigned  to  his  company.  In  addition  to  this  invoice,  he 
should  procure  the  printed  publications  issued  by  the  manufacturer  of  the  truck, 
which  ordinarily  include  detailed  instructions  as  to  their  care,  operation,  and 
upkeep,  and  a  parts  list,  giving  the  serial  or  manufacturer's  number  of  each 
part. 

All  trucks  will  be  marked  on  the  secoml  panel  from  the  rear  on  each  side 
and  on  the  tail  gate  with  a  number  composed  of  the  truck  train  number  and  the 
individual  truck  number.  Figures  to  be  w^hite  on  a  black  backgi-ound.  white 
part  of  figures  to  be  J  inch  wide.  The  number  should  appear  in  the  location 
and  of  the  size  and  construction  shown  on  Q.  M.  G.  O.  drawing  T-124. 

On  the  front  of  the  truck,  either  on  the  bumper  or  front  cross  member— or,  if 
neither  of  these  are  available,  then  on  the  dash— will  be  stenciled,  in  white  block 
letters  and  figures  on  a  black  background  and  of  as  large  a  size  as  the  available 
space  will  permit,  the  following: 

U  Q 

S  437-28  M 
A  C 

or  U.  S.  A.  437-28  Q.  M.  C. 


12 

On  both  top  and  rear  truck  covers  will  be  stenciletl,  in  black  block  fij?nres  4 
inches  high,  a  number  representing  the  truck  company  number  and  the  truck 
number,  as  sliown  in  tlie  following  example: 

437-28 

This  number  to  appenr  directly  over  the  letters  U.  S.  Q.  M.  C,  and  separated 
therefrom  by  a  2-lnch  space. 

The  following  data  will  be  placed  in  successive  lines  on  the  rear  panel  on 
right  side  of  body,  in  letters  1  inch  high,  as  follows : 

Weight lbs. 

Ins.  body ft. 

Ht.  at  bow ft. 

Capacity: 

Lbs Cu.  ft 

Tut  way  bills  below. 

Underneath  this  last  line  the  panel  should  be  painted  in  black  slate  paint. 
The  portion  of  panel  so  painted  should  be  10  inches  high. 

In  addition  to  being  niarkeil  as  directed  above,  all  vehicles  pei'taining  tc 
numbered  motor-truck  companies  shall  be  stenciled  on  both  sides  on  the  front 
side  panel  in  white  block  letters  2  inches  high  on  a  black  background  and 
separated  from  the  guard  angle  by  a  2-iuch  space,  as  follows: 

Purpose  for  tchich  used.  Stenciled. 

Cargo.  Cargo. 

Baggage  and  rations.  I'.aggage  and  rations. 

Tank.  Tank. 

Itepalr.  llepair. 

The  passenger  automobile  to  be  lettered — 

U.  S.  Army 
Q.  M.  C. 

one  door  each  side,  block  letters  2  inches  high,  buff  color.  The  number  is  to 
appear  below  letters  and  on  rear  of  body.  Figures  of  same  color  as  letters  and 
2  inches  high. 

The  vehicles  in  each  truck  train  arc  to  be  numbered  according  to  the  following 
plan : 

Purpose  for  tchich  used.  Numhcr. 

Cargo.  1-27   (both  numbers  included). 

Baggage  and  rations.  2S. 

Tank.  20-30. 

Bep.iir.  31. 

I'assenger.  32. 

(These  numbers  to  be  used  in  combination  with  the  truck  company  number, 
i.  e..  4.17-2S.) 

Vehicles  not  assigned  to  a  numbered  truck  company  shall  be  stenciled  as 
directed  in  the  preceding  paragraph  and  as  given  below : 


13 

Purpose  for  which  used.  Kumhcr. 

Miuliiiie  shop.  Machine  shop  No.  120. 

Light  tnidv  (less  tlinn  lA  tons).  '[(^irRo. ton,  No.  120. 

Cargo  (lA  tons  and  over).  JU.  S.  Army. 

(Q.  M.  C. 
or 
U.  S.  Army. 
Q.  RI.  C. 
No.  120. 


Motorcycle. 
Passenger  automobile.' 


j^ote. — When  motorcycles  are  assigned  to  companies  the  combination  com- 
pany and  unit  number  shall  appear  on  the  gas  tanlc. 

When  type  or  design  of  the  vehicle  does  not  offer  the  space  designated  above 
for  stenciling,  tlie  lettering  shall  be  placed  in  the  most  conspicuous  space  avail- 
able decided  on  by  the  commanding  oflicer. 

The  storm  curtain  should  be  numbered  in  accordance  with  the  directions  for 
numbering  top  and  rear  covers. 

All  equipment  pertaining  to  each  truck  shall  be  stenciled  with  letters  and 
figures,  and  metal  parts  should  be  so  stamped  as  to  clearly  designate  the  truck 
to  which  they  belong. 

As  the  phite  bearing  the  manufacturer's  serial  number  is  not  securely  fas- 
tened to  the  truck,  the  serial  number  of  a  truck  is  often  lost,  causing  a  great 
deal  ol  inconvenience  thereby.  To  prevent  trouble  of  this  nature,  fhe  manu- 
facturer's serial  number  of  the  truck  will  be  stenciled  in  black  paint  on  the 
right  side  moiiber  of  the  frame  of  the  chassis  near  the  forward  end  of  tlie 
frame.  Clear-cut  1  inch  stencils  will  be  used  for  this  purpose  and  numbers 
will  be  put  on  as  follows : 

S.  No 

Company  commanders  will  personally  verify  the  serial  number. 
Each  company  should  also  keep  a  list  of  the  manufacturer's  number  of  the 
following  parts  and  accessories  installed  ou  each  vehicle: 
Manufacturer's  uumber  of  chassis. 
Manufacturer's  mnnber  of  motor. 
Manufactiwer's  number  of  battery. 
JIanufacturer's  number  of  magneto. 
MannfsK'tnrer's  luimber  of  each  tire. 
Manufacturer's  number  of  each  presto-lite  tank. 
This  is  lur  ilie  [turpose  of  identifying  these  articles  if  lost  or  stolen,  which  is 
a  veiy  conmion  occurrence. 

(h)  I'roprrfi/  couriiion  to  all  companies. — A  list  of  this  property  and  use  for 
which  intended  is  enumerated  below : 

Equipment  for  Motor  Truck  Comp.vny. 

[Property  common  to  all  companies.] 


14 


A.  Personal  (Indridual)  Equipment. 
[For  each  member  of  a  motor  truck  company.] 

(a)   okdnance  propeety. 


For  all   truckmasters  and  mechanics. 

1  automatic  pistol,  caliber  .45,  model 

1911. 

2  magazines,   pistol,   extra. 
21  cartridges,  ball,  pistol. 

1  canteen  and   cover. 

1  can   bacon. 

1  condiment  can, 

1  cup. 

1  fork. 

1  haversack. 

1  knife. 

1  meat  can. 

1  pack  carrier, 

1  pouch  for  first-aid  packet. 

1  spoon. 

1  pistol  holster,  caliber  .45,  automatic. 

1  pistol  belt,  without  saber  ring. 


For    all    enlisted    men    except    truck- 
masters  and  mechanics. 

1  United  States  rifle,  caliber  .30,  model 

1903. 
1  front-sight  cover. 
1  oiler  and  thong  case. 
1  thong  and  brush. 
90  ball  cartridges,  caliber  .30. 
1  canteen. 
1  canteen  cover. 
1  can  bacon. 
1  condiment  can. 
1  cartridge  belt,  caliber  .30. 
1  cup. 
1  fork. 
1  haversack 
1  knife. 
1  meat  can. 
1  pack    carrier. 
1  pouch  for  first-aid  packet. 
1  spoon. 
1  cartridge    belt,    caliber    .30, 

1910. 
1  scabbard  for  rifle. 


model 


[For  all  enlisted  men.] 

(b)    medical  property. 

1  first-aid  packet. 

(C)     QUARTERMASTER   PROPERTY. 


1  bag,  barrack. 
1  bar,  mosquito. 

1  bed  sack. 

2  blankets,  O.  D. 
Clothing  (as  prescribed), 
1  cot. 

1  overcoat  (mackinaw). 


1  slicker. 

1  coat,  fatigue  (denim). 
1  breeches,  fatigue  (denim). 
1  tent,  shelter  half,  mounted. 
Toilet  articles  (as  prescribed  in  G. 
39,  W.  D.,  1915). 


O. 


15 

B.  Unit  Tkuck  Ecjiipment. 
[Equipment  for  each  auto  truck.] 

1  ax  and  helve.  1  Pick  and  helve. 

1  bucket,  galvanized  iron.  2  ropes,  lash,  f-inch,  50  feet. 

1  cable,   towing    (wire,   about   18   feet  1  spade. 

long  with  loop  and  snaffle  hooks;  1  truck  tool  kit,  as  supplied  each  truck 
breaking  strength  not  less  than  12  by  manufacturer.  Components  vary 

tons).  with  type  of  car,   but  should   in- 

lean,  milk  10  gallons  (for  water).  elude: 

1  chain,  mud,  set.  1  chauffeur's  tool  kit. 

1  extinguisher,   fire,   1   quart    (Pyrene  1  auto  jack. 

tyjie).  with  brackets.  1  grease  gun  (Townsend). 

1  flashlight  complete  (li  by  Si  inches),  1  can,  squirt. 

nickel  plated. 

C.  Genebal  Equipment. 

[For  general  use  of  company,  in  addition  to  equipments  previously  specified.] 

(A)  kitchen  equipment  carried  on  baggage  and  ration  truck. 

To  be  l.cpt  (,n  kitcJKK  Inuk.  in  com iHiinj  kitchen  or  on  IxifK/afje  and  ration  truck. 

2  axes  and  helves.  1  can,  galvanized  iron,  15  gallons. 

0  buckets,  galvanized  iron. 

5  cans  milk.  5  galvanized  heavy  metal. 
2  hatchets. 

6  lanterns. 

2  picks  and  helves. 

1  range,  field  No.  1,  complete. 

2  spades. 

1  tent,  fly,  hospital. 

(b)   light  repair  truck  equipment. 

[To  be  carried  on  baggage  and  ration  truck.  When  parts  or  tools  are  needed  they  will 
be  obtained  from  baggage  and  ration  truck  and  carried  to  place  to  be  used  on  light 
repair  truck.] 

3  bags,  tools,  mechanic's,  canvas,  best  quality. 

1  bar,  crow,  5  feet  lung.  18  pounds,  one  end  wedge. 

1  bar,  steel,  2J  feet  long,  best  quality,  lip  on  one  end,  drawn  to  iJoint  on  other. 

1  bit,  expansion,  with  cutters  to  cut  f  to  li  inches  and  li  to  IJ-inch  set. 

1  block,  tackle,  steel  duplex  set  for  1-inch  rope,  with  300  feet  rope. 

1  can.  oil.  squirt,  small. 

1  card,  file.  4  by  7i  inches,  wire  bristle. 

1  chisel,  cape,  octagon  bar,  J-inch. 

1  chisel,  cape,  octagon  bar,  f-inch. 

1  chisel,  cold   uctagon  bar,  *  by  5  inches. 

1  chisel,  col^,  octagon  bar,  J  by  7*  Inches. 

1  cutter,  washer,  felt,  adjustable. 


1  drill,  breast,  two-speed,  ball-bearing,  adjustable,  three-jawed  olnick  for 
straiRlit  shank  drills,  0  to  ^-inch,  designed  small  but  heavy,  for  use  in  conlined 
space,  with  chain  attachment. 

3  dr:ft.  brass.  S  inches. 

1  diift,  brass,  lU  inches. 

1  gauge,  thickness,  0.004  to  0.02.j-inch. 

1  gauge,  screw-thread,  pitch  4  to  42  threads  per  inch,  U.  S.  S.  and  S.  A.  E. 

2  hammers,  machinist's  ball  peen,  polished,  best  quality,  2  pounds,  with  handle. 
2  hannners,  machinist's  ball  peen,  1  pound,  polished,  best  quality,  with  handle. 
1  handle,  spare,  hickoiy,  for  ball  peen,  2-pound  hammer,  witli  wedge. 

1  handle,  spare,  hickory,  for  ball  peen,  1-pouud  hrnimer,  with  wedge. 

1  handle,  spare,  hickory,  for  S-pound  hammer,  32  inches  long,  with  wedge. 

G  handles,  spai'e,  hickory,  for  tiles. 

1  inju,  copper  soldering,  2  pounds,  with  handle. 

1  Iron,  copper  soldering,  4  pounds,  with  handle. 

1  jack,  l.j  tons,  double  action,  l.l-inch  rise. 

1  knife,  special,  for  rubber  tires,  1-iuch  blade,  4  inches  long. 

1  plier,  adjustable,  G  inches. 

1  plier,  adjustable,  10  inches. 

1  plier,  side  cutting,  S  inches. 

1  plier  with  long  round  no.se  and  flat  jaw,  G  inches. 

1  punch,  center,  §-inch  duimeter,  4  inches  long. 

1  punch,  solid,  ^-inch. 

1  punch,  solid,  §-inch. 

1  punch,  solid,  f-inch. 

1  reamer,  set  of  taper,  sizes  Nos.  0, 1,  2,  3,  4,  and  5  inches,  standard  Iiardwood 
case. 

1  rule,  steel,  G  inches  and  f-inch  wide,  spring  tempered  graduated  eighths, 
fifteenths,  thirty-seconds,  and  sixty-fourths. 

1  rule,  folding,  G-inch,  best  quality. 

1  saw,  hack,  frame  adjustable,  S  to  12  inches. 

1  scraper,  bearing,  set  of  three,  best  qutility,  drop  forge. 

1  scraper.  carl)on,  set  of  three  in  a  box. 

1  screw  driver,  perfect  handle,  G  inches. 

1  screw  driver,  perfect  handle.  12  indies. 

1  screw  driver,  perfect  handle,  S  inclies,  i-inch  point. 

1  screw  diiver,  offset,  i%  by  G  inches. 

1  screw  driver,  offset,  1  by  S  inches. 

1  snijis,  12inch,  tinners,  straight,  best  quality. 

1  snips,  short,  round  nose,  for  circular  cutting, 

1  stami)ing  set,  complete,  g-inch  alphabet  and  numbers. 

1  torch,  blow,  1  quart,  double  burner  and  brazer  with  adjustment  for  height. 

1  valve  lifter,  universal  chain  type. 

1  vise,  4-inch  combination. 

1  wrench,  set  of  socket,  equivalent  to  Jlosberg  No.  14,  ratchet  handle,  ex- 
tension b;ir,  universal  joint.  34  pressed  steel  .sockets,  etc. 

1  wrench,  set  of,  adjustable  heavy  tyi)e.  4-G-lO  inches. 

1  wrench,  set  Stilson,  G-inch  and  lU-inch,  in  tool  roll. 

1  wrench,  .set  Stilson.  14-inch  and  24-inclJ,  iu  tool  roll. 

1  wrench,  monkey.  24  inches. 

1  wrench,  bicycle,  thin,  best  quality. 

1  aciil.  muriatic,  pints. 

10  L)atteries  for  tlasli  light,  IJ  by  Si  inches. 


17 

12  blades,  hack  saw,  24  teetli  per  inch. 

1  bolt.  cariiaKe.  *  by  SA  inclii's.  Ixtx  of  25,  with  nuts. 

1  bolt.  tarri;if:;o.  g  incli.  assorted  leiijitlis,  with  nuts,  25  in  box. 

1  bolt,  carriaiio,  i  iiic-h.  assorted  leii;;tlis,  with  nuts.  25  in  box. 

1  bolt,  stove  button  head,  i^  by  }  incli,  with  nuts.  25  in  box. 

1  bolt,  stove  button  head,  i\  by  3  inches,  with  nuts,  25  in  box. 

1  bolt,  stove  button  head,  i  by  1  inc-h,  with  nuts,  25  in  box. 

1  bolt,  stove  button  head,  tb  by  3  inches,  with  luits,  25  in  box. 

1  bottle,  glass,  1-quart  capacity,  iu  fiber  container. 

1  brush,  steel  wire. 

1  biush,  3-inch,  paint. 

]0  bulbs,  flash  lif^bt,  packed  in  wooden  or  metal  case. 

6  cloths,  emery,  sheets.  No.  00. 

6  cloths,  emery,  sheets,  No.  1. 

6  cloths,  emery,  sheets.  No.  2. 

1  compound,  grinding,  coarse  and  fine,  box. 

1  cotter  pin,  box,  assorted. 

1  cotter  pin,  box,  3^  by  1  inch. 

1  cotter  pin,  box.  ^,  by  1  inch. 

1  drill,  set  of  straight  shank,  iV  to  i  inch  by  sixty-fourths. 

1  fiber  board  i  by  12  by  12  inches. 

1  felt,  §  inch  thick,  12  by  24  inches,  pieces. 

1  tile,  tiat,  bastard,  S-inch. 

2  files,  smooth,  8-inch. 

1  file,  single  cut.  S-inch.  mill,  bastard. 

1  tile,  hand,  bastard.  12-inch. 

1  file,  hand,  bastard,  romid.  G-inch. 

1  file.  hand,  bastard.  6-inch. 

1  tile,  platinum,  contact.  No.  G. 

1  file,  hand,  bastard,  I'ound,  12-inch. 

1  file,  h.ilf-round.  mill,  bastard,  8-inch. 

1  file,  half-iound,  mill,  bastard,  10-lnch. 

1  glove,  rubber,  pair. 

1  grease,  cup,  5-pound  can. 

2  liydromeiers.  packed  in  wood  or  metal  case. 
10  nails,  lOd,  poiuids. 

5  nails,  20d,  pounds. 

5  n.-iils.  Sd,  pounds. 

1  oil.  3  in  1.  bottle,  pint. 

G  paper,  sand.  No.  00,  .sheets. 

1  paste,  soldering.  3  sticks  per  pound. 

1  rivet  and  bur.  copper,  assorted,  f  and  |  inch  long,  in  box. 

1  S.I  I  annnoniac.  1  pound. 

1  screw,  cap.  hexagonal  head,  assorted  sizes,  with  nuts,  U.  S.  S.  box. 

1  screw,  cap.  hexagonal  bead,  assorted  sizes,  with  nuts,  S.  A.  E.  box. 

1  screw,  wood,  assorted  sizes,  50  in  box. 

1  sealing  wax.  sticks. 

1  shellac,  pints, 

]  shim  stock,  box.  assorted. 

1  solder,  rosin  core,  spool. 

3  tape,  friction,  about  4  inches  diameter,  rolls. 
1  tape,  rubber.  1  pound. 

21829—17 3 


18 

2  washers,  lock,  assorted  box. 
15  waste,  pounds. 

1  wire,  copper.  No.  16,  one-half  pound,  spool. 

1  wire,  copper.  No.  12,  1  pound. 

1  wire,  steel.  No.  16,  10  pounds. 

50  wire,  electric  cord  (brewery  No.  14),  feet. 

15  wire,  electric  magneto  cable,  feet. 

1  carboy,  glass,  for  distilled  water,  filled,  5  gallons. 

1  gear  and  wheel  puller. 

This  to  be  adapted  to  truck  so  as  to  handle  all  gears  and  wheels.  If  all  gears 
and  wheels  can  not  be  handled  by  one  instrument,  the  above  should  consist  of 
a  set  that  will. 

1  screw  plate,  set,  for  all  sizes  and  standards  of  thread  used  on  truck,  com- 
plete, in  hardwood  case,  with  dies  collets,  taper  taps,  and  two  adjustable  tap 
wrenches. 

1  tools,  set,  special  for  make  and  model  of  truck.  This  set  to  consist  of  special 
socket  wrenches,  open-end  wrenches  and  accessories  wrenches,  and  other  tools 
necessary  for  work  on  truck  that  standard  wrenches  and  tool  equipment  will 
not  handle. 

(C)    MISCELLANEOUS. 

[To  be  kept  in  storeroom  or  issued  to  proper  individuals.] 

8  bags,  surplus  kit. 
1  bag,  water,  sterilizing. 
4  brooms,  corn. 
1  brush,  marking. 

3  brushes,  scrubbing. 
1  desk,  field,  large. 

12  funnels,  large  (heavy  metal). 

7  flash  lights,  complete  (1  each  for  truckmaster,  assistants,  and  mechanics). 
12  measures,  oil,  2-quart,  heavy  metal. 

12  measures,  garage,  5-gallon,  heavy  metal. 
Oil,  gasoline,  as  required. 
Oil,  lubricating,  as  required. 
Oil,  miuoral,  as  required. 
Oil,  neat's- foot,  as  required. 
Oil,  grease,  as  required. 

Parts,  spare  and  repair,  as  required.     (Components  and  quantities  depend 
on  make  of  truck  and  service  on  which  engaged.)    Should  include  the  following: 
1  magneto. 
1  radiator. 

1  front  wheel  (complete  with  tire). 
1  rear  wheel  (complete  with  tire). 
1  carburetor. 
1  inlet  hose  connection. 

1  outlet  hose  connection. 

8  spark  plugs. 

2  magneto-platinum  points,  and  other  parts  found  necessary. 
1  paulin,   large. 

3  pennants,  Q.M.C.,  small,  with  staffs.  (One  for  leading  truck,  one  for  rear 
truck,  and  one  for  company  commander's  car.) 

1  pot,  marking. 


19 

30  powder,  calcium  chloride,  tubes. 
2  rakes,  steel. 
Rations,  field,  as  ordered. 
Rations,  reserve,  as  ordered. 
1,000  rope,  njaiiila,  3-i»t-l»,  foot. 

2  sheets,  wagon,  for  passenger  cars. 
Soap,  pounds,  as  required. 

1  stamping  set,  steel,  alphabet  and  numbers,  size  i  Inch. 
1  stencil  plate,  set,  1-iuch. 
1  stick,  size,  shoe. 
1  stretcher,  shoe. 
1  tape,  foot  measure. 
Tentage,  heavy. 

1  tent,  complete,  pyramidal,  small. 
10  tents,  pyramidal,  large. 
1  canvas,  latrine  screen. 
Tools,  see  repair  truck  equipment  (C-b). 
1  typewriter. 

1  vehicle,  motor  car  (roadster). 
1  vehicle,  auto  truck,  light  repair. 
27  vehicles,  auto  trucks,  complete,  cargo. 
1  vehicle,  auto  truck,  complete,  bag  and  ration. 
1  vehicle,  auto  truck,  complete,  gas-carrying. 

5   whistles    (for    company   commander,    truckmaster,    and    assistant   truck- 
master-:;). 

D.  Passenger  Cab  Equipment. 
[For  each  roadster  and  light  repair  truck.] 

1  tool  kit,  as  supplied  by  manufacturers;  components  vary  with  type  of  car, 
but  should  include  1  chauffeur's  tool  kit,  1  auto  jack. 
1  tire  repair  outfit,  including  1  tire  pump. 
1  bucket,  canvas,  folding. 
Chains,  skid,  sets. 

1  cable,  towing,  i-yellow  strand,  power  steel  type. 
1  flashlight. 

SIGNAL  PBOPEBTY. 

1  field  phone,  carried  on  company  commander's  roadster. 

3  buzzers,  1  each  carried  by  assistant  truckraasters. 
1  flag  kit,  combination,  carried  by  messenger. 

1  field  glass,  type  E,  carried  by  truckmaster. 

ENGINEEB  PEOPEBTY. 

3  compass  watches,  one  each  carried  by  each  assistant  tmckmaster. 

E.  Gasoline  Tbuck  Equipment. 

1  hose,  gasoline,  complete,  20-foot. 

1  pump,  gasoline,  complete,  with  connection  to  fit  a  55-gallon  drum. 
10  drums  for  3-ton  truck,  5  for  l*-ton  truck. 

All  articles  of  personal  and  unit  truck  equipment  will  be  plainly  marked  with 
the  numerical  designation  of  the  company. 


20 

Each  member  of  the  company  will  be  assijrned  a  number  and  each  article  of 
personal  or  unit  equipment  issued  to  an  individual  will  be  marked  with  the 
number  assifrned  him. 

Articles  will  be  marked  as  prescribed  by  existing  regulations  of  the  War 
Department. 

All  articles  of  general  equipment  will  be  plainly  marked  with  the  company 
designation.  The  letters  MTC  will  be  usetl  to  indicate  "  Motor  Truck  Com- 
pany," in  marking  articles  of  personal,  unit,  and  general  equipment.  Example 
of  marking  as  follows : 

MTC  18 

will  indicate  "  Jlotor  Truck  Company  18." 

The  number  assigned  the  individual  to  whom  equipment  is  issued  will  be 
placed  either  above  or  below  the  MTC  IS. 

lu  making  articles  of  ordnance  equipment,  marking  will  be  as  follows : 

MTC  18 
US 
36 

All  marks  and  numbers  will  be  neatly  stenciled  in  black,  using  standard  .«5tencil 
sets  for  this  purpose.  Marking  with  ink,  indelible  pencil,  etc.,  by  individuals  is 
strictly  prohibited,  and  the  value  of  the  articles  so  mutilated  will  be  charged 
to  the  individual. 

Articles  of  equipment  which  can  not  be  marked  by  stenciling  will  be  stamped 
with  a  steel  die,  a  set  of  which  is  included  in  each  company  equipment. 

Requisitions  will  be  submitted  by  truck  company  connnanders  to  the  supply 
train  conmiander  at  the  station  where  they  may  be  serving  and,  when  detached, 
through  the  quartermaster  of  the  station  or  organization  to  which  the  company 
is  assigned  to  duty. 

Requisitions  nmst  be  made  on  the  proper  form  prescribed  by  each  depart- 
ment by  which  the  articles  specitied  are  supplied,  and  will  be  accounted  for  by 
the  supply  train  supply  officer  in  the  manner  prescribed  by  Army  Regulations 
for  acc<mntability  of  property. 

Reipiisitions  for  .spare  parts  for  motor-propelled  vehicles  will  bear  on  the 
face  of  the  requisition  a  statement  showing  the  number  of  each  article  that  is 
needed  for  inmiediate  repairs  and  the  number  that  is  wanted  for  stock. 

Articles  lost,  damaged,  or  destroyed  by  carelessness  or  lack  of  proper  care 
on  the  part  of  the  individual  to  whom  issued,  or  who  is  responsible  therefor, 
will  be  charged  to  the  individual  and  the  value  thereof  deducted  from  any  pay 
or  allowance  which  may  be  due  at  the  time  of  next  payment. 

Articles  which  are  worn  out  by  fair  wear  and  tear,  or  lost  under  circum- 
stances which  indicate  that  there  was  no  carelessness  or  neglect  on  the  part  of 
the  person  responsible  therefor,  will  be  accounted  for  by  survey,  as  prescribed 
in  Army  Regulations. 

Officers  in  command  of  truck  companies  are  cautioned  that  proper  care, 
supervision,  and  frequent  inspection  of  articles  of  equipment  will  be  required 
of  them.  They  will  also  be  held  to  a  strict  accountability  for  the  proper  care 
of  all  articles  of  equipment.  The  provisions  of  the  Army  Regulations  in  regard 
to  care  of  property  will  be  enforced. 

When  an  officer  is  relievetl  from  command  of  a  truck  company,  or  is  tempo- 
rarily absent  therefrom,  he  will  transfer  to  his  successor,  or  to  the  officer 
temporarily  designated  to  relieve  him,  all  articles  of  equipment  for  which  he 
is  responsible,  and  such  transfer  will  be  strictly  in  accordance  with  provisions 
of  Army  Regulations  and  orders  of  the  War  Department. 


21 

Attention  is  invited  to  provisions  of  law  and  regulations  that  only  commis- 
sioned oflicers  of  tlie  Uejxular  Army,  National  Army,  or  militia,  duly  mustered 
Into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  are  authorized  to  hold  or  account  for 
Government  property. 

Operation  and  Duties. 

In  each  company  the  division  of  responsihility  with  reference  to  operation, 
repair,  and  uplceep  of  the  mechanical  equipment  should  he  estahlislied  l»y  the 
coniitany  conunander  and  i)Uhlished  in  a  company  order,  so  that  each  member 
of  the  company  shall  be  thorouj;hIy  familiar  therewith. 

Tlie  general  practice  is  to  malce  each  chaulTeur  and  assistant  chauffeur  re- 
sponsible for  the  operation,  repair,  and  uplicep  of  the  truck  and  equipment,  as 
well  as  all  other  property  assigned  him.  The  extent  of  the  repairs  that  he 
should  be  required  to  make  depends  much  on  the  ability  of  the  personnel.  In 
general,  however,  this  will  extend  to  what  are  classed  as  minor  rei»airs,  not 
requiring  a  more  extensive  mechanical  knowledge  than  is  possessed  by  the 
ordinary  chauffeur.  Work  in  the  motor,  ignition,  and  lighting  system  or  on 
the  interior  mechanism  of  running  parts  should  normally  be  done  under  the 
direct  supervision  and  orders  of  the  mechanic.  Aside  from  this,  it  is  better 
to  determine  the  proficiency  of  the  individual  driver  or  chief  of  section  before 
permitting  any  repairs,  except  the  most  simple,  to  be  performed  by  them. 

The  trucks  of  each  section  are  under  the  direct  supervision  of  the  assistant 
truckmaster,  who  is  held  responsible  for  their  upkeep  and  repairs.  Likewise, 
the  mechanic,  assisted  by  the  assistant  mechanics,  has  general  supervision  over 
the  mechanism  of  the  truck  equipment,  as  well  as  the  detailed  repair  work  de- 
volving on  them. 

These  various  duties  are  specified  in  more  detail  below: 

(fl)  Duties  of  chauffeur. — He  keeps  his  truck  and  its  equipment  clean  and 
in  proper  repair  and  working  order.  In  order  to  do  this  he  utilizes  his  spare 
time  while  not  on  duty  and  does  not  wait  until  his  truck  reaches  the  park 
to  do  all  the  minor  work  required  thereon.  He  should  be  specially  cautioned 
to  attend  to  the  proper  lubrication  of  all  parts  of  truck  mechanism,  and  to 
promptly  report  any  defects  noted  or  rei)airs  needed.  In  transporting  supplies 
he  will  see  that  the  truck  is  not  overloaded,  that  cargo  is  properly  loaded  and 
lashed,  and  ordinarily  he  is  responsible  for  its  safe  delivery.  He  should  he 
familiar  with  the  mechanism  of  his  truck  and  its  proper  operation,  and  for 
this  purpose  he  should  be  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  contents  of  the  in- 
struction book  issued  by  the  makers  of  the  truck.  The  chauffeur  should  be 
required  to  wear  proper  uniform  and  be  properly  dressed  when  driving.  He 
should  be  required  to  carry  with  him  at  all  times  a  suit  of  fatigue  clothing  to 
put  on  when  he  works  on  the  truck,  so  as  to  properly  protect  his  clothing. 

(6)  Duties  of  assistant  chanffeur. — He  assists  and  relieves  the  chauffeur  In 
the  care  and  operation  of  the  truck  to  which  he  is  assigned,  unless  otherwise 
directed. 

(c)  Duties  of  assistant  trnekmasters. — Each  assistant  truckmaster  is  re 
sponsible  for  discipline,  instruction,  and  all  other  matters  pertaining  to  the 
personnel  of  his  section;  for  the  operation,  repair,  and  upkeep  of  the  equipment 
nssignetl  thereto.  He  is  the  intermediary  between  the  men  of  his  section  and 
the  truckmaster  or  company  commander.  His  supervision  extends  to  all  the 
details  connected  with  his  .section,  including  police  and  sanitation  of  tents,  see- 
ing that  his  men  are  properly  equipped  with  necessary  articles,  including  cloth- 
ing, etc.  All  orders  for  his  section,  either  to  the  various  members  of  his  per- 
sonnel or  to  the  units  of  his  equipment,  should  be  given  to  him.     He  sliould 


22 

assure  himself  that  his  section  is  in  proper  condition  at  all  times  by  making 
regular  and  systematic  inspections  of  his  men  and  equipment.  He  should 
examine  all  trucks  on  return  from  work,  and  see  that  drivers  have  taken  proper 
care  of  same  and  that  proper  repairs  are  made.  In  his  absence,  for  any  cause, 
an  acting  chief  of  section  should  be  designated  to  perform  his  duties. 

(d)  Duties  of  mechanic  and  assistant  mechanics. — The  practice  in  reference 
to  mechanics  varies  in  different  companies  according  to  local  circumstances. 
The  mechanic  should  be  held  generally  responsible  that  proper  repairs  are  made. 
He  is  in  charge  of  the  repairs,  tools,  and  equipment.  He  should  sign  for  the 
tool  equipment  and  issue  it  to  assistant  mechanics  on  proper  receipt.  He  should 
be  held  responsible  that  this  equipment  is  properly  maintained,  and  that  any 
shortages,  by  damage,  loss,  etc.,  are  properly  accounted  for.  Normally,  he 
sliould  see  that  the  assistant  mechanics  are  properly  qualified,  or.  if  necessary, 
should  instruct  them  in  their  work.  When  assistant  mechanics  are  assigned  to 
sections,  when  detached,  this  duty  falls  upon  the  assistant  truckmasters.  In 
order  to  properly  perform  his  duties  the  assistant  truckmaster  should  be 
thoroughly  familiar  with  the  instruction  book  issued  by  the  maker  of  the  truck 
furnished  the  company. 

(e)  Mess  and  property  sergeant. — He  is  responsible  for  all  supplies  and  equip- 
ment not  actually  i.ssued  to  individuals.  He  is,  however,  responsible  that  all 
issues  of  property  are  properly  receipted  for  by  tlie  persons  responsible.  He 
keeps  the  storeroom  clean  and  in  proper  order,  and  should  have  a  list  up  to  date 
of  all  property  and  disposition  of  .same.  All  dealings  with  the  quartermaster 
or  sniiply  ofllcer  not  requiring  the  personal  intervention  of  the  company  com- 
mander should  be  carried  on  by  him.  He  has  direct  charge  of  the  mess  hall, 
kitchen,  and  all  dealings  pertaining  thereto,  including  supervision  of  the  cooks 
or  other  men  working  therein.  He  draws  the  rations,  sees  that  they  are  properly 
used,  makes  up  bills  of  fare,  sees  that  kitchen,  mess  hall,  and  premises  are  clean 
and  sanitary,  and  that  all  orders  in  reference  thereto  are  properly  carried  out. 
His  authority  to  contract  debts  or  expend  money  should  be  carefully  watched 
and  checked  by  the  company  commander  personally. 

(/)  Duties  of  company  clerk. — He  has  charge  of  all  records,  reports,  and 
correspondence  of  the  company.  01  her  duties  for  him  are  prescribed  by  the 
company  commander,  according  to  local  conditions. 

(g)  Duties  of  truckmaster. — He  is  the  first  sergeant  of  the  company,  and  in 
enlisted  compnnies  he  should  so  be  habitually  called.  He  is  the  executive  of 
the  company.  He  sees  that  all  orders,  regulations,  and  other  requirements  are 
properly  carried  out,  that  all  the  men  perform  their  duty  properly,  and  reports 
to  the  companj-  commander  any  cases  of  neglect  or  violation  of  orders  requir- 
ing disciplinary  action.  He  should  be  a  man  chosen  more  for  his  administra- 
tive and  executive  ability  and  his  efficiency  in  handling  men  than  for  his  abso- 
lute mechanical  knowledge.  The  mechanic  may  well  be  chosen  for  his  ability 
as  a  mechanic,  irrespective  of  his  ability  to  handle  men.  But  tlie  first  ser- 
geant should  be  a  man  of  force,  as  his  prime  duty  is  to  maintain  proper  disci- 
pline for  the  efficient  operation  of  the  company. 

(/i.)  Duties  of  company  commander. — He  is  responsible  for  everything  con- 
nected with  the  operation  and  maintenance  of  his  company.  He  should  bear 
constantly  in  mind  that  his  company  is  a  transport  organ  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States,  and  in  making  all  decisions  on  a  course  of  action  should  realize 
that  its  mission  is  determined  by  that  fact. 

In  addition  to  seeing  that  all  the  members  of  his  command  properly  perform 
their  duties,  the  following  points  are  noted  that  call  for  special  attention  on 
his  part: 


23 

1.  Prevent  speeding  of  trucks.— Announce  a  speed  limit,  slower  thnn  the 
giiiiranty  limit,  which  is  IG  miles  for  lA-ton  truck  iind  14  mih's  for  r\  3-ton 
truck.  Keop  close  supervision  of  this,  and  punish  everyone  f,'uiity.  This  is  a 
practice  very  dinicult  to  prevent,  but  it  is  one  very  destructive  to  truck  lufdia- 
nism,  extremely  conducive  to  accident,  and  markedly  destructive  to  discipline. 
Punish  all  violations  of  speed  orders  with  a  heavy  liand.  Truclis  are  built  for 
stronsth,  not  speed. 

Many  of  the  States,  Territories,  and  municipalities  provide  for  registration  of 
motor  vehicles  operated  within  their  limits,  and  impose  a  special  tax  upon  such 
vehicles  throu{?h  fees  for  permits,  or  licenses,  or  for  identification  tags.  By 
decision  of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court  it  is  held  to  be  settled  law  that 
the  property  of  the  United  States,  and  the  instrumentalities  whereby  it  per- 
forms its  proper  governmental  functions,  can  not  be  t.ixed.  All  officers  of  the 
Army  are  therefore  instructed  as  follows  upon  this  subject : 

(u)  It  is  not  necessary  to  procure  such  license  to  cover  the  use  of  a  motor 
vehicle  owned  by  the  Government,  or  operated  exclusively  by  officers  or  em- 
ployees of  the  Government  for  official  purposes  only.  The  use  of  public  funds 
for'  the  procurement  of  any  license  for  a  motor  vehicle,  or  for  purchase  of 
identification  tags  supplied  by  civil  authorities,  is  hereby  prohibited.  If,  for 
their  own  convenience,  local  officials  are  willing  to  grant  a  license  and  furnish 
suitable  State  identification  tags  or  plates  without  charge,  or  in  no  way  involv- 
ing an  expenditure,  the  same  will  be  acceptetl  and  placed  in  use  with  the  vehicle 
for  which  issued,  along  with  the  plates  furnished  by  the  Government. 

(h)  Great  care  will  be  taken  to  observe  regulations  as  to  speed  and  as  to 
rules  of  the  road,  and  all  concerned  will  acquaint  themselves  with  these  regu- 
lations. 

(c)  If,  while  in  use  on  official  business,  a  motor  vehicle  be  stopped  by  a 
police  officer,  or  if  otherwise  there  be  interference  by  State  or  other  local 
authorities  because  of  failure  to  make  registration  and  pay  such  special  tax, 
the  officer  or  employee  should  give  full  information  as  to  the  ownership  and 
use  of  the  vehicle,  and  the  instructions  under  which  operated,  and  to  cour- 
teously request  that  there  be  no  further  interference.  In  case  measures  are 
then  resorted  to  by  State  or  local  authorities  to  obstruct  or  prevent  the  proper 
use  of  such  agencies  or  instrumentalities  of  the  United  States,  full  report 
will  at  once  be  made  to  The  Adjutant  General  of  the  Army,  with  the  view  of 
submitting  the  matter  to  the  Department  of  Justice  for  such  legal  action  as  it 
may  deem  necessary  to  vindicate  and  make  clear  the  rights  of  the  United  States 
in  that  regard. 

id)  The  foregoing  instructions  do  not  apply  to  automobiles  owned  by  officers 
and  others  in  the  military  service  which  are  used  for  private  purposes.  Such 
vehicles  come  strictly  within  the  laws  and  regulations  as  established  by  State 
or  other  local  authorities. 

2.  See  that  all  motor  governors  are  properly  regulated,  in  accordance  to 
specific  requirements  as  to  motor  speed  laid  down  in  the  book  of  directions 
issued  by  the  truck  manufacturer.  Seal  these  governors  and  keep  the  sealing 
tool  in  your  personal  possession.  Allow  no  seal  to  be  broken  without  your 
express  authority.  Severely  punish  any  man  who  tampers  with  a  seal.  The 
practice  of  opening  up  governors  is  a  common  one  and  very  hard  to  stop, 
but  it  is  very  destructive  to  motors  by  permitting  them  to  run  at  excessive 
speeds. 


24 

3.  Never  allow  a  cut-out  to  be  used,  and  keep  mufflers  repaired  and  In 
working  order  at  all  times.  The  cut-out  gives  less  than  a  fraction  of  1  per 
cent  more  power.  The  noise  made  when  the  cut-out  is  open  or  muffler  not 
properly  working  is  a  nuisance  to  everyone,  and  in  addition  the  exhaust  of 
the  gases,  striking  the  roadway  direct,  raises  excessive  clouds  of  dust.  This 
Is  another  favorite  practice  with  chauffeurs  which  must  be  severely  punished 
in  order  to  stop. 

4.  Keep  accurate  check  on  gasoline  and  lubricating  supplies.  It  is  a  favorite 
practice  to  use  gasoline  for  many  things  except  fuel,  and  there  is  a  great 
temptation  to  dispose  of  same  unlawfully.  The  gasoline  supply  should  be 
under  immediate  supervision  of  a  designated  man,  who  should  make  a  record 
of  all  receipts  and  issue.  Clieck  warehouse  or  quartermaster  receipts  against 
record  of  issue  of  this  man,  as  well  as  record  of  consumption  as  taken  from 
driver's  report.  Be  careful  in  the  minute  details  of  properly  handling  and 
you  will  not  be  troubled  by  the  larger  details.  This  care  of  property  extends 
to  all  tools  and  equipment.  Take  individual  checks  of  this  equipment  at 
frequent  intervals,  to  assure  not  only  that  your  equipment  is  complete,  but  also 
to  detect  carelessness  or  theft.  Remember  that  automobile  and  motor  parts 
are  high  priced  and  extremely  salable,  and  if  some  of  your  men  realize  that 
your  supervision  is  lax  they  will  sell  your  trucks  under  your  nose. 

5.  Do  not  allow  motors  to  run  while  trucks  are  at  rest.  This  is  a  very 
common  practice  and  hard  to  stop.  Drivers  object  to  the  sometimes  difficult 
work  of  cranking  a  motor  and  will  avoid  doing  it  whenever  possible.  This 
practice,  in  addition  to  wasting  gasoline,  may  lead  to  serious  results  when 
company  is  operating  in  field  service. 

6.  But  always  remember  that  your  motto  should  be  "  Service  first."  Don't 
lose  sight  of  the  mission  of  your  company  by  getting  too  much  interested  in  the 
working  of  the  truck  mechanism. 

Upkeep  and  Inspection. 

The  details  of  the  upkeep  and  repair  of  the  truck  mechanism  will  be  found 
in  the  instruction  book  issued  by  the  truck  manufacturer.  This  publication 
should  be  carefully  studied,  and  a  sufficient  number  should  be  kept  on  hand  in 
the  company  for  reference.  This  book  will  give  full  details  with  diagrams  as  to 
all  parts  of  the  truck  mechanism,  and  as  it  is  written  by  the  maker  for  the  par- 
ticular truck  it  forms  the  most  authoritative  set  of  instructions  relative  thereto. 
It  is  incumbent,  however,  on  the  company  conunamler  to  see  that  the  principles 
and  rules  laid  down  therein  are  thoroughly  understood  and  are  properly 
enforced  and  carried  out.  In  order  to  assure  this  it  is  necessary  to  make 
periodical  inspections  of  all  parts  of  the  mechanism  as  well  as  other  equipment 
In  order  to  carry  this  out  systematically  it  is  advisable  to  make  forms  for 
inspection  reports,  similar  to  the  one  appended  at  the  end  of  this  chapter. 
Each  assistant  truckmaster  should  make  inspection  of  each  of  his  trucks,  and 
report  thereof  at  least  once  every  10  days.  His  work  should  be  checked  up  by 
the  company  commander  periodically.  This  form  and  the  notes  thereon  with 
respect  to  driver's  inspections  should  be  utilized.  In  addition  to  the  inspection 
of  the  mechanism,  there  should  be  periodical  inspections  of  everything  pertain- 
ing to  the  company.  This  inspection  will  be  identical  with  the  regular  full 
equipment  Inspection  required  of  troops,  batteries,  and  companies.  The  com- 
pany is  formed  for  Inspection  as  provided  in  chapter  "  Tactical  formations " 
and  a  minute  inspection  is  made  of  all  equipment.  Similarly,  daily  inspections 
shnnld  be  made  of  tents,  mess  hall  and  kitchen,  and  all  parts  of  company  camp. 

I'roper  and  continuous  inspection  is  the  most  efficient  way  to  keep  up  the 
equipment  in  proper  shape. 


25 

[Suggested  form.] 
Motor  Truck  Co.  No — 


Inspected  by. 
Car  number- 


INSPECTION    KEI'OltT. 


Date 

Total  registered  mileage- 


Important. — Clean  oil  pan  and  screen  weekly.  I'ut  in  tablespoonful  of  kero- 
sene twice  a  week  when  motor  is  warm,  and  let  stand  overnight.  Clean  spark 
plugs.     Examine  wiring  and  see  that  all  connections  are  right. 


ENGINE. 


Condition  found — 

Oil  pan  cleaned 

Oil  screen  cleaned- 
Oil-gauge  registers. 

Oil  leaks 

Governor  oiled 


Condition  left 

Valvt^tappet  adjustment- 
Noise 

Nuts  and  bolts 

Bolts  to  frame 

Compression 


FUEI,   AND   CARBURETOR    SYSTEMS. 

Float  chamber 

Carburetor  action. 


Connections 

Idling  condition 

Pressure  system Pressure  gauge 


IGNITION    SYSTEMS. 


Batteries  :  Test  sp.  gr. 

AViring 

Spark-lever  action 


Magneto 

Magneto  lubrication. 
Spark  plugs 


COOLING    SYSTEM. 


Radiator 

Gaskets 

Packing  glands. 
Pump  action — 


Connections- 

Cuupling.s 

Fan 

Fan  bolt 


Engagement- 
Brake  action. 


CLUTCH. 


Thrust  bearing. 
Lubrication 


Control 

Noisy 

Oil  leaks. 


GEAR   SET,   DRIVING   SHAFT,   AND   DIFFERENTIAL. 

Bolts  to  frame 

Universal  joints 

Lubrication 


Lost  motion 

Foot  pedals 

21829—17- 


CONTROL   SYSTEM. 


Service  brake 

Emergency  brake. 


Condition  of  tires. 
Wheels 

Springs 

Spring  iiangers 

Spring  shacliles— 

Rivets  loose 

Lubrication 


26 

BTJNNING  GEAB  AND  FBAME. 

Wheel  alignment- 
Grease  boots 

Steering  gear 

Chain  adjusted- 
Distance  rods 

Radius  rods 

Nuts  all  cottered. 


LIGHTING    SYSTEM. 

Working  order Side  lights 

Headlight Tail  light 

Presto-lite  tank,  condition 

BODY. 

U  bolts Equipment,  complete 

Bed Sides 

Bows Tailgate 

Tool  kit,  complete Cover _ 

Note. — Inspections  should  be  carefully  and  regularly  made.  Discover  a  trouble  and 
remedy  it  in  advance  of  actual  occurrence.  For  this  reason  daily  inspection  of  truck  by 
driver  is  of  great  Importance  and  must  not  be  omitied.  By  looking  after  your  truck 
daily,  and  tightening  a  bolt  in  time,  and  spending  some  minutes  daily  on  this  work  will 
save  you  many  hours'  work  and  much  trouble  in  the  end. 

BOUTINE. 

The  following  brief  account  of  the  daily  routine  of  a  company  assumes  an 
organization  engaged  in  work  at  a  deix)t  or  permanent  camp.  Any  variation 
will  be  noted  in  a  succeeding  chapter,  entitled  "  Road  and  route  work."  The 
regular  reveille  and  breakfast  should  be  had  at  the  hours  prescribed  for  the 
command  in  general.  After  reveille  the  tents  should  be  properly  straightened, 
bunks  made  up,  etc.  The  drivers  for  duty  then  proceed  to  the  park,  and  see  that 
their  trucks  are  in  proper  shape.  The  trucks  are  sent  out  at  the  proper  time  for 
work  details.  This  is  done  under  direction  of  the  various  chiefs  of  section. 
Where  trucks  are  working  in  groups  of  more  than  six.  or  where  there  Is  liable 
to  be  a  congestion  of  vehicles,  assistant  truckmasters  should  be  sent  out  in 
charge.  The  company  commander  should  make  several  inspections  daily  of 
trucks  at  work,  to  see  that  all  orders  and  regulations  are  properly  carried  out. 
This  inspection  may  be  dispen.sed  with  if  such  operation  is  covered  by  an  inspec- 
tion by  the  officer  of  the  day.  or  other  authority  ordered  by  the  group  com- 
mander. 

When  a  truck  returns  to  park,  after  the  day's  run,  it  should  be  thoroughly 
gone  over  by  the  chauffeur,  under  supervision  of  the  assistant  truckmaster,  and 
should  be  put  in  shape  for  immediate  work  if  ordered  out.  This  includes  the 
filling  of  gasoline  tanks,  replenishment  of  lubricating  material,  filling  lamps,  if 
.same  use  oil,  and  in  making  all  repairs  and  adjustments.  The  invariable  rule 
should  be  that  trucks  in  park  be  always  ready  to  make  a  day's  run.  In  case 
of  cold  weather,  where  the  water  in  radiator  is  liable  to  freeze,  it  is  advisable 
to  drain  the  radiators.  In  this  case  they  will  have  to  l)e  refilled  the  following 
morning. 

The  issuing  of  gasoline  and  other  supplies  is  done  under  the  innnediate  super- 
vision of  the  man  detailed  therefor.  Precautions  to  be  taken  against  fire  are 
enumerated  in  the  form  for  "  Fire  orders  "  attached  to  the  end  of  these  notes. 


27 

On  returning  to  the  park  the  drivers  turn  in  the  written  order,  if  one  was 
given,  that  sent  them  to  worlv,  and  at  the  same  time  complete  their  daily 
reports  and  turn  same  into  company  hies. 

The  otlier  routine  work  is  carried  on  according  to  circumstances  that  vary  so 
greatly  that  more  definite  description  thereof  would  be  without  profit. 

Whenever  practicable  for  purpose  of  instruction  and  discipHue  and  for  pur- 
pose of  making  ptrsonnel  available  for  use  in  eniergeiu-ies,  a  truck  company 
should  be  given  general  instruction  in  Infantry  Drill  Regulations  up  to  and  in- 
cluding School  of  the  Company. 

Tactical  Formations. 

The  tactical  formations  required  of  a  truck  company  may  be  classed  generally 
as  formations  for  road,  park,  and  inspection. 

(a)  Road  formations.— The  normal  road  formation  is  column  of  trucks,  with 
14  yards  distance  between  trucks,  giving  the  truck  company  a  road  space  of 
800  yards.  The  distance  between  trucks  may  be  increased  or  decreased  at  the 
discretion  of  the  company  commander  according  to  conditions  of  the  march. 
Tlie  distance  between  trucks  should  not,  however,  be  less  than  one  truck  length, 
and  then  only  for  very  slow  rates  of  speed.  Whenever  the  company  halts,  the 
trucks  should  close  up  to  one  yard  distance  without  command. 

(b)  Park  fornwtioris. — The  company  may  be  parked  either  in  line,  double 
line,  column  of  sections,  or  exceptionally  in  column  or  corral : 

1.  Line.— Trucks  are  in  line  normally  with  2  yards  interval  between  trucks. 
A  greater  or  less  interval  may  be  ordered  by  the  company  commander  according 
to  parking  space  available. 

2.  Double  h'nc— Trucks  are  formed  in  two  lines,  trucks  facing  each  other, 
with  a  distance  of  1  yard  between  radiators  of  opposite  trucks,  and  2  yards 
intei-val  between  adjacent  trucks.  A  greater  or  less  interval  may  be  ordered 
by  company  commander.  This  is  the  preferable  parking  method  for  permanent 
camp  or  in  such  places  where  space  or  tactical  situation  permits.  In  this  forma- 
tion the  trucks  are  easily  accessible  from  all  sides  for  work,  and  the  motors 
being  together  on  either  side  of  a  central  line  enables  the  mechanics  to  more 
easily  superintend  the  repair  work,  as  the  greater  amount  that  they  are  called 
upon  to  perform  pertains  to  the  motor  and  forward  end  of  chassis. 

3.  Colwnn  of  secftoHS.— Sections  are  in  line,  with  interval  of  2  yards  between 
trucks,  and  distance  of  14  yards  between  sections.  These  distances  and  inter- 
vals may  be  varied  at  the  discretion  of  the  company  commander. 

4.  Column  or  corral.— (a)  Column:  This  method  of  parking  is  used  only 
where  sufticient  lateral  space  is  not  available  for  one  of  the  other  formation. 
This  would  be  the  case  when  the  company  is  in  bivouac  along  a  road  not 
permitting  a  line  formation.  In  this  case,  the  distance  between  trucks  should 
be  reduced  to  a  minimum,  not  over  1  yard  at  the  most,  (b)  Corral:  The 
trucks  may  be  parked  so  as  to  form  a  closed  corral  for  defense.  This  is  an 
exceptional  method  and  very  rarely  resorted  to.  (c)  Formation  for  inspection: 
The  formation  for  insitection  will  be  either  in  line  or  in  column  of  sections. 
Interval  between  trucks  2  yards.     Distance  between  sections  14  yards. 

Position  of  "Prepare  for  inspection."  Men  will  stand  at  attention,  driver 
1  foot  from  front  fender  on  side  of  driver's  sent  and  on  a  line  with  the  front 
of  the  radiator.  Assistant  truckmaster  in  the  corresponding  p(»sition  with  the 
driver  but  on  the  opijosite  side  of  the  right  truck  in  his  section. 

Spare  drivers  and  mechanics  in  a  position  corresponding  to  that  of  the 
driver  but  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  trucks  in  which  they  ride.    Truckmaster 


28 

in  line  on  right  of  the  ranli.  Company  commander  1  yard  in  front  of  his 
roadster. 

Bonnets  of  all  trucks  and  automobiles  will  be  raised  so  as  to  expose  the 
motor.  All  articles  of  equipment  will  be  laid  out  so  that  the  company  stencils 
are  plainly  visible. 

All  truck  equipment  will  be  laid  out  in  a  uniform  manner  on  the  ground 
alongside  of  tool  box.  Articles  of  personal  equipment  will  be  laid  out  on  the 
shelter  half,  rear  of  the  shelter  half  being  1  yard  in  front  of  the  radiator  and 
in  front  of  each  individual.  All  tool  boxes  or  other  receptacles  will  be  open 
to  show  interior.    Seat  cushions  will  be  raised  so  as  to  expose  under  side. 

Visual  and  Whistle  Signals. 

"  Attention."  One  long  blast  of  whistle.  Drivers  retard  spark,  set  throttle 
and  air  control,  then  stand  at  attention  1  foot  from  front  fender  on  side  of  driv- 
er's seat,  and  on  line  with  front  of  radiator ;  eyes  in  direction  of  section  master. 
Supernumerary  drivers  and  mechanics  in  corresponding  position  on  opposite 
side  of  trucks  on  which  they  ride.  Assistant  truckmaster  3  yards  in  front  of 
center  of  his  section  if  in  line ;  3  yards  in  front  of,  and  1  yard  on  right  of, 
Hank  of  his  section  if  in  column.  Truckmaster  6  yards  in  front  of  center 
of  company  if  in  line;  3  yards  in  front  and  1  yard  on  right  flank  of  leading 
truck  if  in  column.     Company  commander  1  yard  in  front  of  truckmaster. 

"  Start  motors."  Make  a  circular  motion  in  front  of  body  with  right  hand 
and  arm,  simulating  the  operation  of  cranking  the  motor.  Drivers  turn  on 
spark  and  crank  motor;  as  soon  as  motor  runs,  replace  crank  to  running  posi- 
tion, advance  spark,  and  take  position  in  driver's  seat,  keeping  eyes  on  section 
master.  Mechanics  and  spare  drivers  take  their  seats  at  same  time  as  drivers. 
Each  assistant  truckmaster  faces  his  section  until  all  motors  therein  are  run- 
ning, and  then  faces  about  and  looks  toward  the  truckmaster. 

"  Stop  motors."  Extend  right  arm  laterally  to  horizontal  position,  and  then 
move  same  down  several  times.  Each  driver  stops  his  motor.  Assistant  truck- 
masters  descend  and  take  position  where  they  can  see  signals  given  by  com- 
pany commander, 

"  Halt."  Hold  arm  fully  extended  in  vertical  position.  When  column  is 
halted  trucks  close  up  to  a  distance  of  1  yard.  In  moving  out  from  line  or 
colunm  trucks  follow  each  other  a  distance  of  14  yards  (two  truck  lengths). 
This  is  the  normal  distance  'or  a  moving  column  unless  otherwise  specified  in 
command. 

Camp  and  Bn'ouAc. 

The  formal  permanent  camp  of  a  truck  company  should  be  laid  out  as  indi- 
cated in  diagram  on  following  page: 

The  camp  of  truck  company  should  approximate  the  above  as  far  as  local 
conditions  permit.  A  distance  of  two  truck  lengths  is  sufficient  to  enable  a 
truck  to  enter  or  leave  the  line,  and  that  is  the  niininnun  distance  allowable. 

The  ground  used  for  the  park  should  have  a  resistant  soil,  either  graveled, 
macadamized,  or  paved. 

During  road  marches,  it  is  often  preferable  to  bivouac  on  the  road,  to  avoid 
taking  the  trucks  on  the  soft  soil  of  fields.  In  such  cases,  two  general  pro- 
cedures are  possible : 

(a)  Where  roadway  is  sufficiently  wide  or  has  practicable  sides,  place  the 
trucks  perpendicular  to  the  roadway  with  radiators  away  from  the  roadway, 
but  keeping  the  traction  wheels  on  firm  grouiul,  though  clearing  the  roadway 
as  much  as  possible.  If  the  space  on  either  side  of  roadway  is  suflicieut,  the 
company  may  thus  be  drawn  up  in  two  lines  on  either  side  of  road. 


29 


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O  \- 


o 


^      «      (W 


-JV- 


(b)  Where  the  road  is  not  sulliciently  wide  for  above,  the  train  shouhl  be 
closed  up  in  colnnin  of  triuks  with  1  yard  distance  at  most  between  truciis, 
and  phiced  as  far  to  the  rifjht  of  the  road- 
way as  possible,  it-avinj,'  suthcient  room 
on  roadway  to  allow  cii'culation  of  other 
veliic-les. 

In  each  of  ihc  above  cases,  care  shouhl 
be  taken  to  U-ave  a  clear  passageway  for 
passing;  vehich's.  Precautions  should  also 
be  taken  to  prevent  accident  from  such 
vehicles.  This  may  he  done  by  i)lacinL;  lan- 
terns or  lijrhts  on  end  trucks,  and  by 
stationing  sentinels  at  both  ends  of  the  line 
or  colunui  to  warn  iiassinii  vehicles  and  to 
make  them  take  a  moderate  rate  of  speed 
while  passinii  the  trucks. 

The  normal  campinsr  rules  as  to  sanita- 
tion should  l)e  rijiidly  enforced.  All  refuse 
should  be  burned  or  bur"ed.  This  is  espe- 
cially necessary  where  the  bivouac  is  made 
along  the  highway. 

Except  when  in  permanent  camp  where 
pyrami(^al  tents  are  iised.  the  men  will  j 
sleep  on  trucks  or  on  ground  thereby- — the  j 
use  of  regular  shelter  tents  is  superfluous ;  ' 
for  that  re;>son  the  personal  equipment,  ' 
while  including  a  shelter  half  to  be  used  ! 
as  bedding  rolls,  does  not  include  poles  and  j 
pins  therefor. 


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Order  nf  inarcli. — The  order  of  sections  in 
column  .should  ordinarily  alternate  daily. 
The  repair  car  should  be  in  rear  of  train. 
It  is  sometimes  advisable  to  have  one  of 
the  gasoline-carrying  trucks  in  the  center 
of  tlie  train,  but  there  should  always  be  at 
least  one  at  the  rear,  immediately  in  front 
of  the  repair  car.  The  comjjany  com- 
mander rides  wherever  he  judges  his  pres- 
ence necessary,  l)ut  it  is  especially  in  rear 
that  he  will  be  best  placed  to  render  his 
supervision  eflicient.  The  truckmaster  rides 
wherever  the  judgment  of  the  company 
commander  dictates.  The  assistant  truck- 
masters  ride  in  various  trucks  of  their  sec- 
tions where  tliey  can  most  etlicieutly  conduct 
tho  operation  of  their  sections.  The  chief 
mechanic  rides  in  the  repair  car.  The 
assistant  mechanics  may  ride  either  on  the  repair  oar  or  may  be  placed  on 
trucks  in  the  two  forward  sections  of  the  train. 


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30 

Distance  between  vehicles. — Except  on  very  dusty  roads  or  those  with  heavy 
grades,  where  greater  distances  may  be  taken,  the  vehicles  should  be  about  14 
yards  apart.  Due  to  variations  in  mechanism  and  skill  of  drivers,  different 
vehicles  do  not  ascend  slopes  at  same  speed.  Therefore,  these  distances  will 
vary,  but  the  leading  vehicle  should  normally  slow  down  after  climbing  a  slope 
so  that  the  train  will  not  spread  out  too  much.  In  some  cases,  after  climbing 
or  descending  a  difficult  slope,  the  leading  vehicle  should  stop  to  allow  the 
train  to  close  up. 

Rate  of  march. — This  depends  on  condition  of  road,  the  amount  and  nature 
of  cargo  carried,  as  well  as  to  other  incidents  of  the  march.  The  leading  truck 
should  rarely  take  the  maximum  authorized  speed  for  the  vehicle,  as  trucks  in 
rear  will  have  to  exceed  that  in  order  to  keep  up.  This  maximum  speed  is  14 
miles  per  hour  for  a  3-ton  truck  and  16  miles  per  hour  for  a  l^-ton  truck.  The 
speed  should  be  as  regular  as  possible,  so  that  all  trucks  may  keep  their  dis- 
tances without  speeding.     Never  allow  individual  trucks  to  exceed  authorized 

speed  limit. 

March  discipUne. — Vehicles  must  always  keep  well  on  the  right  of  the  road. 
This  is  especially  necessary  in  operating  on  roads  in  field  service.  This  re- 
quirement must  be  rigidly  enforced.  The  driver  of  each  truck,  personally  or 
by  means  of  some  one  riding  on  truck,  should  keep  in  touch  with  the  trucks  in 
rear,  so  that  if  any  halt  is  made  he  can  do  likewise  and  give  proper  signal 
to  trucks  in  front.  Under  no  circumstances  should  a  train  spread  out  on  the 
road.  This  should  be  a  constant  preoccupation  of  all  in  authority  in  the  com- 
pany. If  a  truck  stops,  the  entire  train  should  stop.  The  company  commander, 
or  the  truckmaster  if  so  authorized,  should  ascertain  the  time  required  for  the 
repair  and  nature  of  same.  The  company  commander  will  promptly  decide 
whether  to  halt  the  train  until  the  repair  is  completed,  leave  the  truck  and 
sufficient  personnel  to  make  repair  to  later  rejoin  train,  tow  the  truck,  or  to 
shift  load  and  abandon  truck.  This  decision  will  rest  on  the  nature  of  the  duty 
on  which  train  is  engaged,  the  distance  to  new  camping  place,  or  the  urgency 
of  the  duty  on  which  train  is  engaged.  The  company  commander,  in  deciding 
such  cases,  must  remember  that  "  service  "  is  the  mission  of  the  company,  and 
that  it  is  no  disgrace  to  abandon  a  truck  whose  mechanism  has  broken  down. 
This  point  of  service  is  one  that  the  company  commander  should  constantly 
bear  in  mind,  as  his  subordinates,  especially  if  civilian,  are  generally  more 
interested  in  the  mechanism  of  the  truck  and  are  apt  to  lose  sight  of  the  pur- 
pose of  the  train  in  their  interest  in  the  mechanism  or  in  "  demonstrating  "  the 
perfection  of  the  particular  type  of  truck  assigned  to  the  train.  This  tendency 
is  extremely  marked  when  the  company  is  composed  of  a  civilian  personnel 
furnished  by  the  manufacturer. 

No  truck  should  be  allowed  to  pass  ahead  of  another  without  express  order 
of  the  company  commander.  If  a  truck  halts,  all  in  rear  will  halt,  and  will  not 
move  ahead  unless  ordered  by  competent  authority.  The  company  should  not 
pass  a  column  marching  in  same  direction  without  agreement  with  the  com- 
mander of  that  column.  The  senior  officer  of  the  units  will  decide  the  action 
to  be  taken.  If  the  truck  company  is  to  pass,  it  is  preferable  for  the  other 
coUunn  to  halt  during  the  passage,  especially  if  composed  of  marching  troops. 
The  same  rules  hold  in  case  the  company  crosses  the  line  of  march  of  another 
column. 

Road  difflcuUics. — These  are  due  to  the  nature  of  the  road  surface,  the  grades, 
or  natural  obstacles  encountered. 

In  muddy  roads  it  will  be  necessary  to  use  chains  on  the  traction  wheels.  If 
these  are  not  sufficient,  build  a  suitable  track  for  wheels  by  utilizing  any  ma- 


31 

terlal  available,  such  as  brush,  grass,  etc.  It  is  often  advantageous  to  have 
planks  or  pieces  of  2  by  4  inch  lumber  to  place  under  rear  wheel,  between  tires, 
to  enable  wheel  to  get  sunicient  traction.  In  case  a  truck  has  gotten  across  a 
nuKlhole  safely,  it  is  often  advisable  to  attach  a  sufficiently  long  towing  line  to 
the  other  trucks  and  haul  them  through  by  utilizing  a  truck  working  on  hard 
ground.  Similarly  it  will  often  be  advisable  to  haul  a  truck  out  of  mud  or 
sand  in  the  same  way. 

Do  not  let  truck  wheels  revolve  uselessly,  as  that  simply  serves  to  dig  it  in 
deeper.  In  getting  trucks  through  sand  or  mud,  the  greater  part  depends  on  the 
practical  genius  of  the  members  of  the  company. 

In  going  up  steep  grades,  or  crossing  streams,  be  careful  to  keep  trucks  far 
apart,  to  avoid  any  possible  accident.  A  similar  condition  exists  with  reference 
to  descending  steep  slopes.  Brakes  should  not  be  relied  on,  but  the  gear  sliould 
be  set  in  first  speed,  and  the  motor  used  as  a  brake. 

Hold  a  driver  pecuniarily  responsible  for  having  his  radiator  smashed  by  col- 
lision. When  crossing  a  railroad  track  at  a  grade  crossing,  or  at  any  other  dan- 
gerous place,  station  a  man  during  the  entire  passage  of  the  trucks  to  insure  the 
safety  of  the  vehicles. 

Halts.— About  one-half  hour  after  starting  the  column  is  halted  to  allow  a 
brief  inspection  of  the  mechanism,  and  for  same  purposes  as  a  column  of  troops 
is  likewise  halted.  Thereafter  a  halt  of  10  minutes  every  2  hours  to  rest  the 
drivers  and  allow  a  brief  inspection  of  the  trucks.  Ordinarily,  however,  it  will 
be  found  that  these  two-hourly  halts  are  unnecessary,  as  there  will  be  several 
halts  between  these  hours  due  to  mechanical  or  other  trouble. 

Whenever  the  train  halts,  rigidly  enforce  the  rule  to  stop  motors.  This  takes 
constant  correction  from  the  truckmaster  and  assistants.  It  is  extremely  diffi- 
cult to  train  drivers  to  thus  stop  the  motors.  The  failure  to  do  so,  however, 
causes  an  excessive  expenditure  of  gasoline,  which,  in  a  train  with  inexperienced 
personnel,  may  seriously  embarrass  its  functioning  by  the  gasoline  supply  being 
exhausted  before  the  time  counted  on. 

It  is  usual  to  make  a  midday  halt  of  from  30  minutes  to  1  hour  duration  to 
permit  a  lunch  to  be  eaten,  to  rest  the  drivers,  and  to  make  a  more  extended 
inspection  of  truck  mechanism.  For  this  noon  meal  it  will  be  found  advantageous 
to  have  a  couple  of  fireless  cookers,  to  allow  a  hot  stew  to  be  served  as  well  as  a 
cup  of  coffee.  These  cookers  may  be  readily  improvised  by  placing  a  couple  of 
the  large  milk  cans  in  boxes,  properly  insulated  by  the  use  of  hay,  straw,  or 
similar  material.  Do  not  make  the  noon  halt  too  long,  as  it  is  better  to  get  into 
camp  early  than  to  use  up  time  on  the  road  and  thus  get  into  camp  after  dark. 
It  will  also  be  found  that  if  the  halt  is  long  the  men  are  apt  to  take  naps,  and 
thus  will  be  half  asleep  and  careless  during  the  afternoon  drive.  Give  them 
some  hot  food  and  a  big  cup  of  hot  black  coffee  and  they  will  drive  as  well  in  the 
afternoon  as  in  the  forenoon. 

Daily  marches. — The  normal  daily  march  for  a  motor-truck  company  is  60 

miles.     This  may  be  increased  when  the  roads  are  excellent,  or  if  conditions  are 

very  favorable.     It  likewise  may  be  decreased  if  conditions  are  the  opposite. 

Do  not  run  after  dark  if  not  absolutely  necessary ;  running  at  night  is  difficult, 

fatiguing,  and  very  conducive  to  accident. 

Parking  and  camping.— This  is  fully  discussed  in  chapter  entitled  "  Tactical 
formations." 

Daily  inspection  and  upkeep. — On  arrival  at  camp  or  bivouac  drivers  will 
make  a  thorough  iu.'^pection  of  their  trucks,  under  supervision  of  assistant  truck 
masters,  and  all  possible  repairs  will  be  made.  In  case  of  impossibility  of  re- 
pairing a  truck  the  company  commander  decides  as  to  the  disposition  of  the 


32 

truck  and  its  cargo.  If  the  train  arrives  late  at  niglit  in  tlie  darkness  it  is 
advisable,  conditions  so  permitting,  to  make  this  inspection  and  repair  on  the 
following  morning  before  leaving  camp. 

Replenishment  of  gasoline,  oil,  grease,  etc.— As  soon  as  trucks  get  into  camp 
or  bivouac  they  should  be  replenished  with  the  above  supplies.  By  reason  of 
the  danger  of  fire  the  gasoline  tanks  should  be  filled  during  daylight.  If  this 
is  impracticable,  due  to  late  arrival  of  the  train,  the  company  commander  de- 
cides, according  to  the  special  circumstances,  whether  to  put  off  this  until 
following  morning  or  to  fill  in  the  dark.  In  the  latter  case  great  precaution 
should  be  taken.  Electric  lights  of  the  trucks  or  flash  lights  should  be  used 
There  should  always  be  sufficient  number  of  fire  extinguishers  handy  and  several 
pails  of  sand  or  soft  earth  to  smother  any  gasoline  fire  that  may  start.  If 
lanterns  are  in  vicinity  they  should  be  hung  high  up,  so  that  they  will  not 
ignite  gasoline  vapors,  which,  being  heavier  than  air,  sink  to  the  ground. 

The  rule  to  be  enforced,  unless  conditions  absolutely  prevent,  is  to  have  all 
trucks  filled  with  gasoline  and  oil  and  ready  to  start  as  soon  as  possible  after 
reaching  camp.  Do  not  put  off  anything  to  the  next  day  if  you  can  possibly 
avoid  it. 

Special  Measxikes  for  a  Truck  Company  With  Civilian  Personnel. 

While  these  notes  refer  essentially  to  companies  with  enlisted  personnel,  the 
principles  therein  should  be  enforced  in  a  company  with  civilian  personnel. 
There  should  be  the  same  division  of  authority  and  responsibility,  and  the 
same  type  of  discipline  should  be  enforced.  While  it  is  not  possible  to  give 
the  same  punishments  to  civilians  for  minor  offenses  as  enlisted  men,  such 
punishments  as  extra  work  and  retention  in  camp,  etc.,  should  be  imposed. 
The  specific  conditions  of  the  contract  under  which  the  civilians  are  hired  will 
determine  whether  other  types  of  punishment,  such  as  retention  or  loss  of  pay, 
may  be  imposed.  Ordinarily  it  will  be  found  that  there  is  no  punishment  avail- 
able beyond  the  extra  work  mentioned  above  and  discharge. 

However,  until  the  personnel  has  been  property  disciplined  and  works  as  a 
unit  it  is  better  to  discharge  a  man  summarily,  even  for  what  might  be  con- 
sidered a  minor  offense,  than  to  let  him  off  with  a  "calling  down."  Most  civil- 
ians of  the  chauffeur  type  especially  are  very  undisciplined  and  not  used  to 
team  work.  It  is  a  great  mistake  to  handle  them  with  kid  gloves  or  to  let  them 
think  that  they  are  highly  expert  in  some  abstruse  mechanical  art  and  are 
thereby  relieved  from  the  ordinary  bonds  of  discipline.  The  men  should  be 
impressed  with  the  fact  that  they  are  operating  in  a  military  organization  and 
should  approximate  one  as  far  as  their  training  will  permit.  They  should  un- 
derstand that  many  practices  and  customs  allowable  in  certain  phases  of  civilian 
life  have  no  place  in  the  military.  They  must  not  be  allowed  to  retain  the  idea 
that  because  they  are  not  soldiers  they  are  therefore  permitted  all  license  and 
can  conduct  themselves  as  a  disorderly  free-for-all  mob. 

When  the  company  is  engaged  in  actual  field  operations  all  these  men  come 
under  the  same  jurisdiction  as  to  discipline  and  punishment  as  a  regularly 
enlisted  man,  and  they  should  understand  this  fact. 

Care  nnist  be  taken  that  all  articles  of  property  are  receipted  for  by  the  men 
using  same.  Civilians  are  very  careless  about  the  care  of  Government  property, 
and  ordinarily  do  not  realize  that  they  have  any  responsibility  therefor.  Unde- 
ceive them  at  the  first  opportunity  by  taking  a  check  of  property  and  charging 
the  money  value  of  any  article  lost  or  damaged  against  the  man  responsible. 

As  far  as  practicable,  the  same  records  are  kept  with  a  civilian  personnel  as 
with  a  military,  using,  as  far  as  possible,  the  same  blanks.     A  retained  file  of  all 


33 

contracts  should  be  kept.  When  a  man  Is  (lischarped  a  notation  will  l)e  made 
on  the  disdiarse  certificate  as  to  character  and  ability  and  wlietlier  he  is  reconi- 
nieiided  for  rehire.  Record  of  these  notations  will  be  Ucpt  in  the  company  tiles 
for  further  reference. 

Select  a  reliable  man  for  property  man  and  mess  steward  and  see  that  he 
keeps  accurate  check  on  all  property.  All  money  should  be  handled  by  the 
company  conuuander.  wlio  must  Iceep  his  company  fund  book  in  an  accurate  and 
careful  manner. 

But,  above  all,  the  mission  of  the  truck  company  as  a  transportation  orpan 
must  l)e  kept  constantly  to  the  front,  as  the  markeil  tendency  of  a  civilian  iter- 
sonnel  is  to  subordinate  this  to  their  interest  in  the  mechanism  of  tlie  truck 
equipment. 

How  TO  Organize  a  Motob  Truck  Company. 

In  organizing  a  motor  truck  company,  the  principal  problems  involved  may  be 
grouped  into  two  classes — administrative  and  mechanical.  If  the  personnel  as- 
signetl  be  civilian,  the  difTicuIties  under  the  first  class  will  be  greatly  increased, 
since  the  men  are  presumably  not  disciplined  or  accustomed  to  working  in  an 
organization  of  this  type.  However,  if  the  personnel  assigned  be  enlisted,  many 
Of  such  difficulties  will  disappear,  as  there  undoubtedly  will  be  sudicient  mate- 
rial upon  which  to  draw  your  executives,  i.  e.,  truckmasters  and  their  assistants, 
mess  sergeant,  property  sergeant,  and  company  clerk. 

First.— Vpon  receipt  of  his  orders  the  officer  who  has  been  designated  to  or- 
ganize a  motor  truck  company  should  assemble  his  subordinates,  namely,  his 
truckmaster,  assistant  truckmaster,  mechanic  and  assistants,  clerk,  property 
sergeant,  and  mess  .«:ergeant.  If  these  men  have  not  been  so  designated  in  the 
order,  tentative  appointments  should  then  and  there  be  made,  because  your 
orders  must  be  enforced  through  tliese  assistants.  Outline  your  instructions 
to  these  men  now  before  you  and  announce  your  policy. 

Quarters. — If  quarters  have  not  already  been  assigned  your  company,  either 
camp  or  barrack,  ascertain  the  space  allotted  your  company  and  take  your 
subordinates  there,  point  out  the  section  assigned  to  the  camp,  and  locate  the 
park  for  your  truclcs.  This  park  should  be  adjacent  to  the  camp.  Make  requisi- 
tion on  local  quartermaster  or  train-suppl.v  ofhcer  for  tentage  and  bedding, 
mess  and  kitchen  outfit,  and  sufficient  gas.  oil,  cup  grease,  and  such  other  sup- 
plies as  may  be  necessary  for  the  immediate  maintenance  of  tlie  company  for 
a  limited  time.  Give  tliis  to  the  property  sergeant;  tell  him  to  take  a  truck  and 
go  to  the  warehouse  or  depot  and  draw  same.  Meanwhile  instruct  tlie  clerk  to 
prepare  a  ration  return  for  your  signature,  get  it  approvetl,  turn  it  over  to  the 
mess  sergeant,  give  him  a  truck,  and  instruct  him  to  go  to  tlie  subsistence  depot 
tjnd  draw  his  rations.  During  this  talk  with  your  executive  "staff"  designate 
the  location  of  the  latrine  and  bath  and  start  construction  of  same.  Explain 
briefly  the  requirements  as  to  dress,  conduct,  cleanliness,  and  sanitation,  as 
well  as  mechanical  operations  of  trucks,  speed  limits,  loading,  etc.  The  clerk 
should  be  instructed  in  starting  his  records,  beginning  with  the  morning  report, 
and  a  tent  or  building  should,  if  practicable,  be  set  aside  for  use  as  an  office. 
The  clerk  should  be  told  of  the  importance  of  the  company  records,  shown  what 
they  are,  and  how  to  submit  them.  The  mess  sergeant  should  be  instructed 
regarding  the  ration,  its  components,  method  of  making  issues,  sales  and  sav- 
ings, sanitation  of  his  kitchen  and  me.ss  hall.  The  proiierty  sergeant  should  be 
impiessed  with  the  importance  of  his  duties  and  of  requiring  a  complete  record 
of  each  property  transaction,  in  order  that  the  interest  of  the  Government,  as 


34 

well  as  of  the  captain,  may  be  protected.  This  may  best  be  done  by  requiring  a 
signed  receipt  for  everything  issued,  either  to  a  section  or  to  an  individual. 

This  will  require  the  greater  part  of  one  day  and  nothing  else  should  be  done 
until  the  company  is  completely  housed  and  adequate  arrangements  have  been 
made  for  subsisting  the  company.  If  cooks  have  not  been  found,  either  secure 
them  or  make  adequate  messing  arrangements  for  your  personnel.  It  is  no  use 
getting  all  your  men  till  you  can  take  care  of  them.  You  will,  however,  prob- 
ably have  to  use  a  great  deal  of  speed  in  all  your  actions. 

Next. — With  your  truckmaster,  the  assistant  truckmaster,  the  mechanics,  and 
the  property  sergeant  proceed  to  check  up  trucks  and  other  property  with  memo- 
randum receipts  already  received.  At  this  time  the  property  sergeant  should 
start  his  property  account  on  memorandum  receipt.  Then  assign  assistant 
truckmasters  to  sections  and  drivers  to  trucks,  making  each  driver  sign  a  memo- 
randum receipt  for  his  truck  and  the  property  pertaining  thereto.  At  this  time 
give  your  instructions  to  assistant  truckmasters  and  mechanics  as  oulined  else- 
where. Now  move  your  trucks  into  the  park  designated,  placing  them  either  in 
line  or  in  column  of  sections  depending  upon  the  size  of  the  park  and  the  allotted 
terrain.  Establish  a  guard  at  once  to  protect  both  the  company  quarters  and 
truck  park. 

General  remarks. — Require  at  least  one  daily  roll  call  at  which  all  men  are 
present  and  answer  to  their  names,  this  roll  to  be  called  by  the  truckmaster  in 
person,  who  reports  the  result  to  the  company  commander. 

Issue  orders  prohibiting  intoxicants  in  camp.  Unless  orders  are  given  on  the 
subject,  civilians  will  accumulate  much  excess  personal  baggage.  This  must  be 
restricted  to  such  small  amount  as  may  be  carried  in  trunk  locker  or  barrack 
bag.  If  your  personnel  be  civilian,  make  certain  that  you  have  copies  of  all  of 
their  contracts.  Read  these  contracts  over  carefully  in  order  that  you  may  be 
fully  informed  when  questions  as  to  discharge,  resignation,  etc.,  arise.  It  is  a 
good  plan  to  sell  personal  equipment,  such  as  blankets,  mosquito  bars,  etc.,  to 
civilians,  charging  them  the  customary  10  per  cent  increase,  thus  eliminating 
further  trouble  in  making  collections  on  pay  rolls  for  articles  lost,  stolen,  and 
destroyed.  It  is  also  well  to  remember  that  civilian  employees  are  allowed 
absence  with  pay,  for  sickness  or  otherwise,  at  the  rate  of  but  two  and  one-half 
days  for  each  calendar  month  while  employed,  and  that  the  Medical  Department 
exacts  a  charge  for  maintenance  as  well  as  for  subsistence  while  such  employees 
are  in  hospital.  It  has  been  decided  that  civilians  absent  from  duty  on  account 
of  alcoholic  liquors  or  drugs  due  to  their  own  misconduct  shall  receive  no  pay 
during  such  absence. 

The  most  important  requisite,  however,  is  to  impress  on  your  personnel  the 
sense  of  organization  and  the  duties  and  responsibilities  of  each  man.  The 
truckmaster  and  assistants  must  understand  their  authority  and  responsibilities, 
and  must  be  required  to  exercise  both.  The  company  commander  must  utilize 
his  time  in  directing  and  supervising  the  general  work.  Unless  he  requires  his 
subordinates  to  do  their  proper  share  of  the  details,  he  will  not  have  much  success 
in  perfecting  his  organization. 

Notes  on  Woek  at  Depot  and  Base  Tbanspobting  Supplies. 

The  nature  of  the  transportation  duties  of  a  truck  company  may  be  roughly 
classed  into  depot  work  and  route  work.  In  depot  work  the  truck  company  does 
not  operate  as  a  unit,  but  the  trucks  work  singly  or  by  detachments,  and  are 
normally  on  runs  permitting  all  trucks  to  park  nightly  in  the  company  camp. 


35 

In  route  work,  the  company  operates  as  a  unit,  and  the  cargo  to  be  carried 
is  regularly  turned  over  for  transportation  to  the  company  commander,  on  way- 
bills or  shipping  invoices,  and  he  is  required  to  receipt  for  same  and  turn  it  over 
to  the  proper  autliorities  at  destination. 

(«)  Depot  tcork. — In  this  service  trucks  are  ordinarily  detailed  to  various 
warehouses  and  supply  points,  and  are  worked  under  various  foremen  as  far  as 
the  supplies  transported  are  concerned.  The  company  commander's  respon- 
sibilities extend  simply  to  seeing  that  trucks  are  furnished  and  are  properly 
operated. 

It  may  happen,  however,  that  he  will  be  called  upon  to  niap  out  the  transporta- 
tion system  and  superintend  its  opei'ation.  The  following  procedure  is  therefore 
described,  and  while  it  assumes  the  operation  of  several  companies,  suitable 
changes  may  be  made  either  to  limit  it  to  one  company  or  to  conform  to  local 
conditions. 

There  should  be  a  man  permanently  detailed  as  truck  dispatcher.  He  is 
assisted  by  an  assistant  truckmaster,  taken  by  roster,  from  the  truck  companies 
on  duty.  These  men  are  continuously  on  duty  from  6.30  a.  m.  to  8.30  p.  ra.  The 
dispatcher  sleeps  in  the  dispatcher's  office  within  sound  of  the  telephone. 

Orders  for  trucks  are  received  from  following  sources : 

(1)  Permanent  work  detail  for  depot  or  base  quartermaster  and  other 
authorities. 

(2)  Special  daily  orders  from  depot  or  base  quartermaster  sent  out  in 
writing  by  depot  or  base  quartermaster. 

(3)  Other  proper  calls  received  in  writing. 

(4)  Telephone  or  calls  made  in  person. 

Each  evening  the  dispatcher  makes  out  written  order  for  trucks  on  the 
various  companies  to  fill  the  work  details  for  the  next  day.  There  is  certain 
work,  involving  delivery  routes,  that  is  permanently  assigned  certain  trucks. 
Other  regidar  classes  of  work  are  done  by  each  company  according  to  roster 
so  as  to  equalize  work. 

In  a  similar  manner  each  truck  company  takes  its  turn  by  roster  to  be  on 
duty  to  answer  special  calls. 

All  orders  for  trucks,  except  the  regular  details  of  the  depot  quartermaster 
(which  are  received  in  typewritten  form),  are  entered  on  the  daily  blotter 
(Form  1.  herewith). 

Each  order  for  truck  is  made  out  in  triplicate  on  Form  2.  herewith.  The 
copies  are  signed  by  the  truckmaster  or  assistant,  and  one  copy  is  retained  in 
book.  The  remaining  two  copies  are  taken  by  the  truckmaster,  one  for  his 
own  company  record,  the  other  for  the  driver  of  the  truck  or  man  in  charge 
of  the  group  of  trucks  responding  to  the  order. 

When  the  truck  is  sent  out  from  the  company  the  driver  or  man  in  charge 
signs  the  copy  retained  by  the  company,  and  has  his  copy  signed  by  the  person 
to  whom  the  trucks  are  ordered  to  report.  He  turns  in  this  copy  to  his  company 
on  his  return. 

Each  company  keeps  a  daily  work  record  of  the  company  on  Form  3,  herewith. 
In  this  way  accurate  record  can  be  kept  of  the  whereabouts  of  each  truck  and 
the  number  available  at  any  particular  time. 

The  two  forms  used  by  the  dispatcher  are  drawn  up  so  as  to  absolutely  fix 
responsibility  for  any  failure  of  truck  to  properly  report.  The  signature  of 
person  to  whom  truck  is  directed  to  report  is  designed  to  prevent  a  truck  being 
taken  by  some  one  other  than  the  person  intended,  a  proceeding  very  common. 


36 

[Form  1.] 

Daily  Report  of  Motor  Truck  Dispatcher. 

(Date.) 


Order 
No. 

How 
received. 

Received 

Time 
received. 

Order 
author- 
ized bj — 

Filled  by 
Co.—. 

No.  of 
trucks. 

Description  of 
order. 

Date  of 
;idvance  order. 

Size  of  blank  13"  x  14". 
[Form  2.] 

Order  for  Motor  Truck. 


No. 


(Place.) 


(Date.) 


To  Truck  Co.  No. 

Send  truck.s  to  report  as  specified  below : 

Number  of  trucks 

To  wbom  to  report 

riare 

Hour 

Remarks 


By  direction: 
Received  above  order: 

Hour 


{Asst.)  Truckinastcr  Co. 


(Perforated)- 


motor  truck  CO. 


Truck  No. 
Drivers  _. 


ITour  of  departure 
Hour  of  returu  — 


(Signature  of  man  in  charge  of  truck.) 


Trucks  reportetl  to  me  as  directed  above : 

Time,  Sijjnature. 


37 

[Form  3.] 
Daily  Recohd  of  Operation  of  Motor  Trucks. 
Motor  Truck  Co (Date)- 


Truck 

Driver. 

Time 
in. 

Time 
order 

rc- 
cci  od. 

Destination. 

Time. 

Remarks. 

Truck 
report. 

No. 

In. 

Out. 

(Size  blank  13  x  14.) 

(b)  Route  rvorl: — In  tliis  service  a  specified  carso  is  turned  over  to  the  com- 
pany coniniaiider  for  transportation  to  definite  destinations.  After  loading 
wa.vi)ills  or  shipping  invoices  are  tiu-ned  over  in  reguhir  forms  to  the  company 
coniniander.  wlio  signs  for  all  articles  thus  shipped.  On  arrival  at  destination 
lie  delivers  cargo  and  obtains  receipt  therefor  to  relieve  him  of  his  responsi- 
bility. 

The  company  commander  should  keep  copies  of  the  waybills  for  each  truck 
and  should  make  a  list  of  his  trucks,  giving  destination  of  cargo  on  each.  It 
is  very  necessary  that  he  be  able  quickly  to  tell  which  truck  has  either  a  given 
destination  or  cargo,  so  that  he  may  know  at  all  times  the  location  of  all  sup- 
plies in  his  train. 

Great  care  must  be  taken  to  prevent  pilfering,  and  he  should  hold  the  truck 
driver  responsible  for  cargo  of  his  truck  during  running  hours.  When  trucks 
are  in  camp  a  proper  guard  should  be  posted. 

Useful  Truck  Data. 

(1)  Consumption  of  gasoline  and  oil. — The  consumption  of  gasoline  and  oil 
varies  according  to  road  conditions,  experience  of  drivers  train  discipline,  and 
other  incidents  of  service.  The  following  figtn-es  show  the  average  consump- 
tion as  taken  from  various  truck-company  records.  In  figuring  gasoline  and 
oil  for  a  trip,  especially  with  a  newly  organized  company,  due  allowance  there- 
for should  be  made. 

Consumption  in  miles  per  gallon. 


Packard,  li-ton 
Pad  ard,  3-ton. 
Peerless,  3-ton.. 
Riker,  3-ton 


Gasoline. 

Oil. 

5.0 

120 

4.0 

go 

3.5 

70 

3.6 

SO 

The  consumption  of  other  lubricants,  as  well  as  the  proper  kind  to  he  used, 
vary  with  type  of  ti-nck  and  service  in  whith  engaged.  The  best  plan  is  to 
consult  the  Instruction  book  issued  by  the  truck  manufacturer,  which  will  fully 
cover  these  points. 


38 

(2)  Repair  parts. — The  stock  of  repair  parts  needed  varies  with  tlie  nature 
of  the  duties  of  tlie  company,  nature  of  country  operated  over,  distance  from 
bases  of  supply,  and  the  malie  and  type  of  truck.  No  general  figure  can  be 
given,  as  the  variation  is  so  great.  A  certain  stock  of  spare  parts  will  ordi- 
narily be  issued  as  portion  of  the  train  equipment.  However,  at  any  base 
from  which  a  company  is  operating  there  will  be  normally  a  supply  stock  and 
a  repair  branch,  where  will  be  found  a  personnel  sufficiently  experienced  to  give 
such  information  if  the  personnel  of  the  company  itself  does  not  possess  the 
requisite  knowledge. 

(3)  Various  dimensions  and  weights. —  (a)  Inside  measurements  of  war  body: 
One  and  one-half  ton :  Length,  10  feet ;  width,  5  feet  1  inch ;  depth,  2  feet. 
Three-ton :  Length,  12  feet ;  width,  G  feet  6  inches ;  depth,  2  feet.  Height  to 
top  of  bow,  6  feet. 

(b)  Weight  of  trucks:  IJ-ton  Packard  Standard,  5,800  pounds;  l^-ton  Pack- 
ard Special,  G,600  pounds ;  3-ton  Packard,  8,250  pounds ;  3-ton  Locomobile,  8,500 
pounds;  3-ton  Peerless,  9,130  pounds. 

(c)  Weight  of  machine-shop  truck  fully  equipped:  3-ton  Packard,  18,200 
pounds ;  3-ton  Locomobile,  16,700  pounds ;  4-ton  Peerless,  17,800  pounds ;  3-ton 
White,  17,400  pounds. 

Weight  of  equipment  alone,  9,100  pounds. 

(d)  Gross  weight  of  tank  truck,  full,  13,760  pounds;  gross  weight  of  tank 
truck,  empty,  9,800  pounds;  number  of  fully  armed  and  equipped  men  seated 
in  IJ-ton  truck,  24  (plus  3  on  driver's  seat)  ;  number  of  fully  armed  and 
equipped  men  seated  in  3-ton  truck,  35  (plus  4  on  driver's  seat)  ;  number  of 
fully  armed  and  equipped  men  standing  in  l^-ton  truck,  35  (plus  3  on  driver's 
seat)  ;  number  of  fully  armed  and  equipped  men  standing  in  3-ton  truck,  45 
(plus  4  on  driver's  seat). 

Instructions  in  Dbiving. 

1.  Before  starting  on  a  trip  see  that  gasoline  tank,  oil  reservoir,  radiator, 
grease  and  oil  cups  are  filled. 

Inspect  3'our  car  for  leaks  in  the  hose  connections,  radiators,  or  around  pump 
of  the  cooling  system. 

See  that  oil  pump  is  in  proper  working  order  and  all  oil  connections  tight. 

2.  Before  cranking  motor,  see  that  change-speed  lever  is  in  neutral  position 
and  emergency  brake  lever  set.  Turn  on  switch  and  retard  spark.  Move 
throttle-control  lever  up  a  few  notches,  just  so  engine  will  not  race  and  spin 
crank,  the  thumb  extended  along  the  crank  handle.  Do  not  grasp  handle  with 
the  thumb  around  it  for  should  the  engine  kick  back  the  crank  would  jerk  the 
arm  downward  and  the  result  would  be  a  strained  or  broken  arm. 

3.  After  engine  Is  running,  return  to  seat,  then  switch  on  magneto  side,  ad- 
vance spark,  and  retard  throttle  to  idling  position. 

Next  throw  out  clutch  by  pressing  clutch  pedal  and  move  gear-shift  lever 
to  first-speed  position.  Release  emergency  brake  and  engage  clutch  gradually, 
which  will  allow  the  load  to  be  picked  up  slowly  and  without  jerking  or  injuring 
the  car.  Before  changing  to  second  speed,  accelerate  motor  slightly  by  press- 
ing down  on  accelerator,  throw  out  clutch,  and  move  speed  lever  to  second  speed 
position.  On  going  to  a  higher  gear  the  speed  of  engine  should  be  diminished  in 
relation  to  the  speed  ratio  of  the  higher  gear. 

4.  Should  the  gears  clash  do  not  attempt  to  force  them  in  mesh.  Lot  clutch 
In  and  then  disengage  it  and  shift  gears  quickly.  This  turns  the  clutch  shaft 
and  moves  gears  so  the  teeth  will  come  in  mesh.  In  changing  to  a  lower  gear 
slow  ear  down  to  the  lower  gear  ratio.     Do  not  try  to  shift  to  a  lower  gear 


39 

(which  Is  going  at  a  speed  of  10  luiles  au  hour)  from  high  gear  wlien  you  are 
going  25.    You  may  strip  the  gears. 

5.  Most  of  the  damage  done  to  cars  by  drivers  can  be  laid  to  two  causes — igno- 
rance and  carelessness — and  neither  will  serve  as  an  excuse. 

Wlieu  tilling  gasoline  tank  extinguish  all  lights  having  an  open  flame  and  do 
not  have  the  engine  running.  It  is  best  to  strain  gasoline  through  a  piece  of 
fine  cheesecloth  instead  of  chamois,  for  this  reason:  At  times  the  air  is  so 
heavily  charged  with  electricity  that  the  static  current  is  induced  in  everything 
around  the  car.  It  needs  but  a  slight  friction  to  produce  a  spark,  and  a  fire  is 
the  result. 

6.  Never  allow  your  engine  to  race  when  changing  gear.  It  is  a  useless  and 
harmful  practice  which  marks  the  ignorant  driver.  It  does  not  get  you  any- 
where and  will  soon  cause  serious  damage  to  the  whole  car  from  vibration. 

In  going  up  grades  should  your  motor  labor  change  to  a  lower  gear  at  once. 
No  good  can  be  gained  from  whipping  a  tired  horse;  he  will  only  fall  the 
sooner,  and  the  same  rule  applies  here. 

7.  Do  not  try  to  show  some  one  what  your  car  can  do  by  rushing  grades  or 
bad  places  in  the  road  on  high  gear.  This  places  a  severe  strain  on  the  whole 
car.  If  the  other  fellow  happens  to  be  a  good  driver  he  will  not  be  impressed 
with  your  driving.     Better  show  how  far  it  will  run  than  how  fast. 

Always  change  to  the  gear  needed  to  take  you  up  a  steep  grade  before  at- 
tempting it.  Gear  changing  in  the  center  of  a  steep  grade  places  an  added 
strain  on  all  parts  of  the  car,  as  it  has  to  pick  up  the  load  from  almost  a  stand- 
still every  time  the  gears  are  shifted. 

8.  In  driving  over  muddy  or  sandy  roads  endeavor  to  keep  the  wheels  on 
one  side  of  solid  ground  if  possible.  Apply  brakes  gradually  at  all  times.  Lock- 
ing the  rear  wheels  by  sudden  application  of  brakes  tears  the  tires  and  places  a 
severe  strain  on  the  differential  and  springs.  The  man  who  is  careful  on  this 
point  is  very  seldom  seen  making  a  figure  8  on  the  streets  when  streets  are 
slippery. 

Never  bring  the  car  to  a  stop  in  deep  sand,  mud,  or  snow  if  it  can  be  avoided. 
It  may  be  easy  to  stop,  but  remember  you  have  to  start  again. 

9.  In  descending  a  steep  grade,  when  you  have  a  heavy  load  do  not  depend 
upon  your  brakes  alone.  Change  to  a  lower  gear,  retard  the  spark,  and  allow 
your  engine  to  act  as  a  brake  or  air  compressor.  The  car  can  not  go  faster 
than  the  low  gear  will  allow  it.  The  brakes  can  be  used  to  further  retard  the 
speed  if  necessary. 

Should  you  be  driving  individually — that  is,  not  with  a  train — it  is  good 
practice  to  cut  off  ignition  and  retard  throttle  lever,  using  only  the  compression 
in  cylinders.  As  the  motor  will  only  be  drawing  air  through  it,  the  motor  will 
be  cooled. 

10.  Inspect  your  gasoline,  water,  and  lubricating  system  frequently  when 
driving  over  rough  roads.  Investigate  all  unusual  noises  about  your  car  ira- 
me<liately;  you  can  never  tell  what  it  may  be  or  what  serious  damage  may  be 
done  if  the  trouble  is  not  remedied  at  once. 

Do  not,  under  any  consideration,  race  motor  by  coasting  fast  with  gears  in 
mesh.  Throw  out  clutch  and  allow  car  to  coast,  but  do  not  allow  it  to  run 
beyond  the  prescribed  governor  limits.  Care  should  be  taken  to  see  that  car 
comes  to  a  full  stop  before  changing  to  reverse.  The  gears  can  not  turn  in 
two  directions  at  the  same  time;  something  must  give  away. 

11.  Do  not  become  a  magneto  or  carburetor  fiend.  There  are  a  number  of 
other  parts  of  a  motor  or  its  different  systems  that  are  more  liable  to  be  at 
fault ;  look  them  over  first. 


40 

Day  dreaming  is  a  dangerous  practice.  Keep  your  eyes  to  the  front.  Be 
wide  awalie  at  all  times.  It  is  up  to  tlie  man  beliiud  you  to  watcli  your  rear, 
and  you  can  save  your  car  by  watcliing  your  front. 

Watch  your  braises  and  keep  tlieni  adjusted,  and  all  moving  parts  lubricated. 
Some  day  you  may  need  them  in  a  luirry,  and,  if  you  take  the  proper  care  of 
them,  they  will  respond  to  the  treatment  and  "be  there"  when  you  need  them. 

12.  Do  not  drive  with  a  slii)ping  clutch.  It  causes  the  motor  to  race  and  heat, 
the  clutch  plates  (or  facing)  to  burn,  and  impairs  the  general  efficiency  of  the 
motor.  Make  sure  that  your  car  is  equipped  at  all  times  with  a  fire  extin- 
guisher, fully  charged,  and  carried  in  a  convenient  place. 

If  your  car  loses  ti-action,  do  not  race  your  engine  and  cause  the  wheels  to 
spin  until  they  are  bin-led  in  the  sand  or  nuul.  Instead,  put  straw,  burlap, 
brush,  or  any  material  beneath  your  wheels  upon  which  they  may  gain  traction. 
If  they  sink  too  deeply  to  make  this  possible,  jack  them  up  until  they  are  on  a 
level  with  the  roadbed  and  till  in  under  them  with  Mat  stones. 

13.  If  you  come  to  a  stream,  first  find  the  depth  of  the  water,  and  if  it  is 
such  that  it  would  cover  the  carburetor  or  the  magneto,  do  not  attempt  to 
cross.  In  crossing  streams  where  the  water  will  not  quite  reach  the  magneto, 
it  is  well  to  cover  the  magneto  to  prevent  it  from  becoming  splashed  with  water. 

In  case  truck  is  not  provided  with  chains,  rope  wrapped  around  the  wheels 
will  make  a  good  substitute. 

Aitiiough  you  may  be  an  experienced  driver  and  have  confidence  that  you 
can  handle  your  car  under  any  circumstances,  always  make  allowance  for 
what  the  other  person  may  do,  who  may  not  be  so  well  qualified  as  yourself. 

14.  Stop  where  there  is  an  accident,  whether  it  is  your  fault  or  not.  Uen«ler 
all  the  assistance  possible,  and  as  a  safeguard  get  the  names  and  addresses  of 
witnesses.     This  is  required  by  order  in  "  INlotor  truck  group." 

l.j.  Excessive  sounding  of  the  liorn  is  proof  that  the  motorist  is  a  novice. 
Sometimes,  as  in  the  presence  of  a  frightened  horse,  it  n)ay  be  better  not  to 
use  the  horn  at  all.  No  accepted  rules  exist  in  regard  to  the  meaning  of  horn 
blasts,  but  it  is  reasonable  to  assume  that  prolonged  honking  indicates  that  tlie 
car  behind  is  going  to  pass  and  desires  a  clear  road.  Do  not  sound  born  except 
when  absolutely  necessary.     Careful  driving  is  far  superior  to  horn  blasts. 

IG.  Use  of  headlights:  Do  not  use  the  electric  headlights  turned  to  the 
=' bright"  position  when  approaching  or  passing  a  car,  or  other  vehicle,  on  a 
narrow  road,  unless  you  are  traveling  in  the  same  directicjii.  The  light  con- 
fuses them  and  may  result  in  a  serious  accident.  Headlights  should  be  prop- 
erly atljusted  to  comply  with  laws.  In  many  States,  glaring  headlights  are 
absolutely  prohibited. 

17.  See  charts  for  turning  corners,  passing,  and  other  traffic  regulations,  and 
be  sure  you  observe  the  laws.  Figured  in  dollars  and  cents,  it  is  cheaper  for 
a  motorist  to  be  stopped  by  a  highwayman  than  by  an  officer  of  the  law. 
Orders  in  force  in  "Motor  truck  group"  hold  driver  responsible  for  accident, 
unless  he  can  show  that  it  was  not  his  fault  and  that  he  could  not  possibly  have 

avoided  it. 

18.  Do  not  hog  the  middle  of  the  street.  Give  the  other  fellow  room  to  go  by, 
and  when  he  attemi)ts  to  pass  you  do  not  speed  tip  and  perhaps  crowd  him 
into  a  safety  zone.  Rigid  rule  for  trucks  and  truck  trains  is  to  stay  well  on  right 
of  road. 

19.  Never  use  a  cut-out.    They  are  of  no  use,  except  possibly  in  high-powered 

racing  cars  on  track. 

20.  Remember  that  your  horn  is  just  a  few  times  worse  than  your  cut-out. 


41 

Cake  and  Ui'kkkp. 

1.  Keep  nil  pnrts  of  veliic-lo  clojm.  Grease  and  oil  collects  dust  nnd  prlt  Avlilch 
cuts  1)0:1  riiii;  and  all  movable  parts.  Mere  external  wasliinj:  or  liosinj^  will  not 
do.  Diit  must  be  scraped  oil'  if  necessar.v.  Tbis  tbonnigb  wasliiny  and  cleaning 
denotes  llie  interest  and  pride  the  driver  takes  in  the  upkeep  and  appearauce 
of  his  car. 

2.  Always  keep  side  and  tail  oil  lamps  tilled  and  wicks  trinuiied. 

3.  Eliminate  all  scpieak.v  and  rattlinj^  noises,  as  a  little  oil  or  tishtenins  of  a 
bolt  or  nut  not  onl.v  will  save  the  wear  and  breakage  of  same  (which  means 
eventuall.v  work  on  the  driver's  part  of  replacing  parts)  but  also  removes  a 
source  of  annoyance. 

4.  Examine  tires  daily.  If  there  is  a  cut  or  separation  of  the  rubber,  cut  it 
off  and  round  tiie  [tlace  of  break,  so  that  the  tire  will  not  strip  off.  A  sipiare  or 
abi'upt  edge  left  in  a  cut  or  break  will  quickly  cause  a  long  i)iece  of  rubber  to 
strii)  from  the  tire,  thereby  greatly  shortenirig  its  serviceability. 

5.  Whenever  you  have  your  truck  out  on  duty  and  are  waiting  for  orders,  or 
to  load  and  unload,  eiajdoy  your  spare  time  in  looking  after  the  ad.justments  to 
your  car.  Utilize  the  first  halt  U)  turn  down  all  grease  cups;  other  halts  to 
tighten  certain  bolts,  put  in  screws,  or  ilo  the  many  minor  adjustments  to  keep 
your  car  and  its  equipment  in  absolutely  A  No.  1  shape.  Then  when  you  return 
to  tiie  park  in  the  evening  your  truck  will  be  all  fixed  up  and  you  will  not  have 
to  do  bullied  oi  night  work  to  get  it  in  shape.  Keep  your  truck  iu  perfect  con- 
dition at  all  times. 

How  TO  Drive. 

1.  Keep  constantly  in  mind  tlie  fact  that  a  report  is  kept  in  each  train  of  the 
expenditures  on  each  car,  and  that  your  rapid  promotion  depends  upon  your 
efliciency.  A  driver  whose  car  shows  a  large  expenditure  every  month  not  only 
destroys  his  opportunity  for  promotion  but  also  places  himself  in  a  position  for 
reduction. 

2.  Never  smoke  while  operating  a  motor  vehicle,  as  a  driver's  ham!  should 
always  be  In  a  position  to  meet  any  eiuergency,  and  a  sudden  gust  of  wind  will 
cause  your  vision  to  be  obscured  by  ashes  or  smoke  blowing  in  your  eyes. 

3.  Sound  your  horn  or  other  signaling  device  when  roiuiding  a  corner,  going 
around  a  standing  veiiicle,  or  passing  a  moving  vehicle,  as  little  precautions 
often  prevent  serious  damage  to  your  car  and  iujury  to  yourself. 

4.  Never  loaf  when  starting  on  a  trip,  as  this  necessitates  either  speeding  to 
make  up  lost  time  or  arriving  at  your  destination  late,  and  either  offense  marks 
your  elHcieiu-y  and  often  proliibits  you  from  holding  a  position  of  trust. 

5.  You  will  not  intrust  your  life  to  a  man  that  smoked  in  a  room  tilled  with 
liigh  explosives.  Neither  do  your  superior  oflicers  care  to  trust  a  man  who  uses 
intoxicating  liquors  with  a  motor  car.  as  he  n.ot  only  endangers  the  safety  of  his 
car  and  bis  own  life  but  also  the  lives  of  his  passengers  and  pedestri.-ins. 

G.  It  is  better  to  slow  down  and  .-illow  another  moving  vehicle  to  pass  iu  front 
of  you  than  to  risk  damage  to  your  car  and  self. 

7.  Obtain  a  manufacturer's  book  of  instructions  for  the  car  which  you  are 
driving  and  follow  out  the  instructions,  as  the  manufacturer  knows  the  require- 
ments of  the  car  better  than  you. 

8.  A  driver  shows  his  inability  and  lack  of  experience  by  starting  with 
.sudden  jerk  niu!  stopping  within  10  feet  by  sliding  his  wlieels ;  also  by  sounding 
his  born  when  uimecessary. 


42 

9.  In  train  driving  provide  yourself  with  a  pair  of  goggles,  as  they  protect 
your  eyes  and  avoid  accident  by  preventing  your  eyes  becoming  irritated  and 
being  unable  to  see  clearly. 

10.  Under  no  consideration  allow  your  fellow  driver  to  persuade  you  to  ignore 
these  rules  and  advice,  as  it  is  without  a  doubt  the  reason  he  holds  no  higher 
position  than  he  does. 

11.  Learn  to  shift  your  gears  without  looking  down  at  your  shifting  device, 
as  your  eyes  should  be  on  the  road  in  front  of  you. 

Dont's  to  Prevent  Teouble. 

Don't  forget  that  your  position  and  pay  depends  upon  satisfactory  service. 

Don't  forget  your  lubricating  and  cooling  systems. 

Don't  forget  that  a  squeak  from  your  car  means  oil  needed. 

Don't  forget  to  test  your  batteries  every  week  with  a  hydrometer  and  in  that 
way  make  sure  your  battery  is  properly  charged ;  also  examine  the  plates  to 
see  if  they  are  covered  with  distilled  water. 

Don't  forget  to  drain  your  radiator  in  cold  weather. 

Don't  try  to  start  until  sure  that  the  spark  lever  is  retarded. 

Don't  start  to  crank  engine  until  sure  change-speed  lever  is  in  neutral  position. 

Don't  run  on  the  batteries  (the  batteries  are  made  for  starting)  ;  use  the 
magneto. 

Don't  run  without  oil.     "A  word  to  the  wise  is  sufficient." 

Don't  mix  different  grades  of  oils. 

Don't  put  lubricating  oil  on  a  leather-faced  clutch. 

Don't  run  with  the  spark  too  far  advanced. 

Don't  coast  downhill  at  high  speed. 

Don't  overload. 

Don't  overspeed ;  "  Slow,  but  sure,"  is  the  motto. 

Don't  waste  time  when  loading  and  unloading  and  then  race  the  truck  on  the 
road  to  make  it  up. 

Don't  try  to  speed  through  bad  roads ;  it  will  be  lost  time  in  the  end. 

Don't  race  with  another  car ;  the  truck  is  built  for  carrying,  not  speeding. 

Don't  turn  corners  at  high  speed. 

Don't  let  the  motor  race  when  the  truck  is  standing;  a  few  minutes  will  do 
more  damage  than  many  miles  of  hard  driving. 

Oon't  leave  the  truck  with  the  engine  running. 

Don't  let  the  clutch  in  suddenly ;  always  engage  it  easily. 

Don't  start  or  stop  with  a  jerk. 

Don't  drive  your  truck  with  the  brakes  on. 

Don't  put  a  new  chain  on  a  badly  worn  sprocket. 

Don't  forget  that  the  pan,  engine,  and  other  mechanical  parts  of  the  truck 
should  be  kept  clean. 

Don't  leave  your  extra  tires  exposed  to  the  weather. 

Don't  see  how  close  you  can  come  to  the  other  fellow's  vehicle ;  keep  a  safe 

distance. 
Don't  drive  fast  past  schoolhouses  or  other  places  where  children  are  liable 

to  dart  out  in  front  of  you. 

Don't  forget  your  steering  gear  and  the  condition  of  your  brakes. 

Don't  forget  to  inspect  your  truck  twice  daily,  noon  and  night. 

Don't  forget  you  do  not  own  the  highways ;  others  may  care  to  use  them. 

Don't  forget  the  "  man  at  the  wheel  "  is  responsible  for  anything  that  happens. 

Don't  forget  to  use  your  brakes  sparingly,  and  to  adjust  them  when  loose. 

Don't  take  chances;  remember  you  are  intrusted  with  property  valued  in 
thousands  of  dollars. 


43 


Don't  forget  the  rules  of  the  road,  also  traffic  regulation.     Ignorance  of  the 
law  excuses  no  one. 

Don't  stop  the  truck  in  niu«l.  deep  sand,  or  wet  clay;  you  need  traction  to 
start  again. 

Don't  under  any  conditions  let  the  engine  lahor. 

Don't  attempt  to  put  your  gears  in  reverse  until  the  truck  is  brought  to  a  com- 
plete stop. 

Don't  examine  carburetor  or  gasoline  tank  or  engine  with  an  open  light ;  use 
flash  light. 

Don't  smoke  while  filling  or  examining  gasoline  tank. 

Don't  think  you  know  it  all ;  others  know  something  too ;  hence  we  all  can 
teach  and  learn  something  of  mutual  value. 

Don't  forget  that  the  orders  from  a  superior  must  be  obeyed. 

Don't  neglect  the  noises  which  indicate  coming  trouble,  and.  above  all.  don't 
forget  that  there  is  always  another  man  more  capable  than  yourself  ready  to 
take  your  job  if  you  don't  do  it  satisfactorily. 

Test  of  Candidates   for  Appointment   as   Chauffeur   or   for   Tkansfeb  to 

quaktermastf-r  corps. 

The  following  forms  are  suggested  for  use : 

Name, Age, Rank, ,  Service 

1.  Can  he  write  a  legible  hand?     

2.  Can  he  spell  ordinary  words?     

3.  Does  he  understand  long  and  short  division  of  arithmetic?     

4.  Does  he  understand  multiplication?     

5.  Can  he  read  and  explain  meaning  of  any  article  chosen  from  news- 
paper?      

General  intelligence?     

PRACTICAI.    EXAMINATION. 


Make  of  car 

Number  of  car 

Time  in 

Time  out__ 

Ability  to  start  up 

Ability  to  drive  over  varied  ground- 
Ability  to  turn  in  limited  areas 

Ability  to  move  backward 


Ability  to  move  forward 

Ability  to  shift  gears 

Ability  to  turn  corners 

Ability  to  start  and  stop 

Ability  to  control  car 

Ability  to  move  in  traffic 

Ability  to  go  up  and  down  hills, 
Has  he  self-confidence? 


PBACTICAL    QUESTIONS 

Motor  parts I  Clutch__ 

Chassis i  Brakes.. 

Lubricating  system 

Fuels  and  lubricants 

Transmission 


Magneto- 


Carburetor. 


PREVIOUS   EXPERIENCE. 


Garage 

Machine  shops. 

Repair  shops 

Driving  autos_. 


Driving  trucks 

Gas  and  oil  engines- 
Final  estimate 


(Tester) 


(Rank) 


44 


For  test : 


Commanding. 


Recommendation : 


Commanding. 


PERSONAL  KECOED. 


1.  Surname Christian  name 

2.  Nationalitj' 

3.  Ajie years. 

4.  ]\Iarried  or  siii.utle Number  of  minor  chiklren. 

5.  Educational  advantages 

of  schools  or  colleges  attended,  and  liow  long 


Names 


G.  Enlistment  period  in  which  serving 

7.  Date  of  present  enlistment 

8,  Length  of  time  has  been  a  noncommissioned  officer. 


FOKMER  EXPERIENCE. 


A  full  Statement  of  the  experience  had  in — 

1.  Garage '■ 

2.  Machine  shops 

3.  Repair   shops 

4.  Driving  antes 

5.  Driving  trucks 

6.  Gas  and  oil  engines 

7.  Steam  engines 

Remarks 

(Name.) 

(Rank.)  (Organization.) 

MEilOKANDUM. 

1. 

(Name.)  (Raul<.)  (Orgauizati»»u.) 

desires  transfer  to  Quartermaster  Corps  as  chaulTeur. 

2.  Have  you  any  ol).iection  to  this  transfer? 

3.  AVliat  is  his  character? 

4.  How  many  convictions  by  court  martial  has  he  had  during  the  past  year? 
Were  they  for  serious  offenses? 

5.  Do  you  believe  the  applicant  is  good  material  for  a  chauffeur  or  mechanic? 
G.  What  has  been  his  experience  as  a  chauffeur  or  meclianic  while  under  your 

observation? 


Commanding. 


45 


riease  answer  above  questions  here. 

Answers : 
o 


3. 
4. 


Iteni.-u'Us: 


Coiiiinanding. 


Company ,  Ue.2;inient 

Age, ItauU,  __ 


Name, 

Service, 

TKACTICAL    EXAMINATION. 

Make  of  car, Number  of  car, 


Date. 

Time  on. 

Time  out. 

Ability  to  start  up Aliility  to  start  and  stop 

Abilily  to  turn  in  limited  areas Ability  to  move  in  tratiic 

Al>ility  to  move  I)a(U\vard Ability  to  go  up  and  down  bills. 

Ability  to  move  forw.-ird Aliility  to  control  car 

Ability  to  sliift  gears Has  be  self-coutideuce?    

Ability  to  turn  corners 

rUACTICAL   QUE.STIONS. 

r>ralces 


JTotor  parts 

Cbassis 

I.iil)ricating  syston\ 

Fuels  and   lubricants 

Traiisnnssion 

Clutcb 


^lagneto 

Caritureter 

Final   estimate    (excellent,  very  good, 
good,  fair,  poor) 


(Tester) 


(Rank) 


For  test; 


Cuinmanding. 


Recommendation ; 


Commanding. 


46 


Test  fob  Civilian  Chauffeurs. 

Name Age Home  address 

Nationality Citizen  of  tlie  United  States In  Gov- 
ernment service ;  what  branch,  and  how  long 


PRKV^OUS   EXPERIENCE. 


Garage  driving 

Garage  repair  shops. 

Driving   trucks 

Driving  auto 


Machine  shops : 

Machinist    helper. 
Machinist 


(Signature  of  applicant) 


DRIVING  TEST. 


Time  out 

Make  of  car 

Time  in 

Number  of  car 

Ability  to  start  engine  properly. 

Starting  car 

Shifting  gears 

Use  of  clutch 

Use  of  brakes 

Spark 

Control  of  engine 


Stopping 

Reverse 

Corners 

Turning  around 

Hills  (stop  and  start  on  hill) 

Turning  around  without  getting  off  the 

road 

Varied  roads 

Point  out  parts  of  car  as  named 

in  practical  questions 


Driver  tester. 


EATINGS. 


"  Passed  "  indicates  work  completed  without  assistance  in  reasonable  length 
of  time. 

"  Very  good  "  indicates  very  slight  assistance. 
"  Good  "  indicates  instructor  must  assist. 
"  Poor  "  indicates  all  around  inefficiency. 

CLASSES. 

Class  A,  passed  and  for  assignment. 

Class  B,  partially  passed ;  short  instruction. 

Class  C,  to  receive  long  instruction. 

Class  by . 

Quartermaster  Sergeant,  S.  G.,  Principal  Instructor. 
Final  recommendation : 


Commanding. 
School  for  Chauffeurs  and  Mechanics'  Detachment,  Quartermaster  Corps. 

Fort  Sam  Houston,  Tex.,  April  //,  1917. 
practical  questions. 

1.  What  does  advancing  the  spark  mean,  and  why  do  we  advance  it?    Why 

retard  it? 

2.  What  is  the  carbureter  for?    How  is  gasoline  fed  from  supply  tank  to  the 

carbureter? 


47 

3.  Desi-ribe  just  wliat  lumtions  you  wimkl  perform  when  starting  the  engine. 

4.  What  is  the  cooling  system  lor.  and  hdw  many  kinds  are  in  use? 

").  Xanu'  tlie  varinns  Icinds  of  lul)ri(atin,i:  systems  and  describe  their  action. 
G.  How  woulil  you  clean  a  cranio  case,  and  how  often V 

7.  How  often  would  you  change  the  lubricants  in  the  gear  set,  differential, 
universal  joints,  and  what  kind  of  lubricants  would  you  use  for  parts  mentioned? 

8.  Name  the  various  kinds  of  gasoline  supply  systems  and  describe  their  action. 

9.  Suppose  you  saw  your  radiator  steaming,  what  course  would  you  pursue  to 
stop  it? 

10.  If  your  engine  became  badly  overheated,  what  course  would  you  pursue? 

11.  Describe  how  you  would  remove  a  spark  plug,  clean,  and  adjust  the  points; 
what  effect  would  too  wide  a  gap  between  the  points  have? 

12.  What  attention  should  be  given  the  storage  battery  ? 

13.  What  attention  should  be  given  the  magneto? 

14.  If  the  water  pump  leaked,  tell  how  you  would  remedy  the  trouble. 

15.  What  is  the  clutch  for?    How  many  kinds  of  clutches  are  in  popular  use? 
What  attention  should  a  cone  clutch  receive?    A  disk  clutch? 

16.  What  attention  should  be  given  the  tires?    Wheels?    Steering  gear? 

17.  How  would  you  adjust  the  valve  clearance? 

18.  Why  is  it  necessary  to  throw  out  the  clutch  when  shifting  gears? 

19.  In  passing  a  vehicle  going  the  same  direction,  upon  what  side  would  you 
pass?    Describe  turning  a  corner  to  the  left ;  to  the  right. 

20.  After  starting  the  engine  and  having  entered  the  seat,  what  would  you  do 
before  stai-ting  the  car? 


DRIVING  TEST. 


Ability  to  start  engine  properly- 
Starting  car 

Shifting  gears 

Use  of  clutch 

Use  of  brakes 

Spark 

Control  of  engine 

Stopping 


Reverse 

Corners 

Turning  around 

Hills  (stop  and  start  on  hills) 

Turning   around    without    getting 

the  road 

Varied  roads 


off 


Tester. 


EATINGS. 


"  Passed  "  indicates  work  completed  without  assistance  in  reasonable  length 
of  time. 

•'  Very  good  "  indicates  very  slight  assistance. 
"  Good  ■'  indicates  instructor  must  assist. 
"  Poor  "  indicates  all-around  inefficiency. 

CLASSES. 


Class  A.  passed  and  for  assignment. 

Class  B,  partially  passed ;  short  instruction. 

Class  C,  to  receive  long  instruction. 

Class  by , 

Quartermaster  Sergeant,  S.  G.,  Priiicipal  Instructor. 


48 

Duties  of  Personnel  of  Headquarters,  Motor  Supply  Train  Division. 

personnel  quartermaster  corps. 

1  mnjor.  commanding  officer. 

1  lieuten:int.  juljutiuir. 

1  lienten.mt.  supply  officer. 

1  qnartennaster  sergeant.  Quartermaster  Corps  property. 

1  quartermaster  sergeant.  Quartermaster  Corps,  chief  clerlv,  administrative. 

1  sergeant,  first  class,  cleric  and  stenograpber. 

2  corporals.  Quartermaster  Corps,  cbauffeurs. 

1  private,  first  class,  assistant  chauffeur,  motorcycle. 

2  privates,  assistant  chauffeurs  and  property  men. 


MEDICAL   DEPARTMENT. 


1  captain  or  lieutenant. 
1  sergeant,  first  class. 
1  sergeant. 
S  privates,  first  class. 


MOTOR  A-EHICLES. 


1  motor  car,  touring,  for  supply  train,  commanding  ofllcer. 
1  motorcjcle,   with  side  car,  for  first-class  private,  assistant  chauffeur,  as 
messenger. 
1  trucli,  baggage,  and  ration,  for  baggage,  rations,  and  property. 

MEDICAL  DEPARTMENT   MOTOR  VEUICLES. 

1  ambulance,  motor. 

2  motorcycles  with  side  cars. 
1  truck,  cargo,  2-ton. 

DUTIES   OF  PERSONNEL. 

1.  The  major,  as  commanding  officer  of  the  train,  is  responsible  for  the  organi- 
zation, operation,  instruction,  and  discipline  of  bis  connnand.  The  duties  are 
similar  to  tl'.at  of  a  major  commanding  a  squadron  or  battalion.  In  regard  to 
property  be  lias  power  to  approve  surveys  and  condemn  and  dispose  of  unserv- 
iceable property,  parts,  and  accessories  unless  otlierwise  prescribed  by  regula- 
tions. He  should  make  frequent  inspection  of  bis  entire  command.  In  tliese 
inspections  be  should  check  property  to  see  that  equipment  is  complete  as 
prescril)ed  and  that  this  equipment  is  serviceal)le. 

2.  The  duties  of  the  supi)Iy  officer  are  those  of  a  supply  officer  for  the  whole 
supply  train.  He  is  accountable  for  all  property  of  the  train,  including  that  of 
the  ti'uck  companies.  lie  will  issue  property  to  the  truck  connnanders  on 
memorandum  receipt.  On  request  of  truck  company  commanders  he  prepares 
proper  i-equisitions  for  property,  parts,  accessories,  stores,  and  rations.  He 
will  ordinarily  ride  in  touring  car  with  major  conunaiiidng. 

The  duties  of  tlie  lieutenant  and  adjutant  are  similar  to  those  of  a  battalion 
or  regimental  adjutant.  He  will  ordinarily  ride  in  touring  car  with  the  major 
connnanding. 

The  duties  of  medical  personnel  will  be  as  prescribed  in  regulation  of  medical 
department. 

The  motor  ambulance  will  ordinarily  march  as  last  vehicle  in  the  train. 

The  medical  department  motorcycles  and  side  cars  will  march  as  directed  by 
the  surgeon. 


49 

3.  Of  til.'  t\\(p  {niarUTiii;i.ster  serf,'0iiius,  one  will  act  as  cliuif  clerk  and  sor- 
peant  major,  administrative;  the  other  will  be  property  sergeant.  They  will 
ordinarily  ride  on  the  truck,  or  otherwise  if  so  directed. 

4.  The  servant,  first  class,  will  he  clerk  and  stenographer  for  supply  train, 
headquarters. 

5.  One  corporal  chauffeur  will  be  assigned  to  the  touring  car  and  the  otlier 
to  the  baggage  and  ration  truck. 

G.  The  assistant  chauffeur,  private,  first  class,  will  he  assigned  to  drive  the 
motorcycle,  will  act  as  messenger  and  orderly,  and  perform  such  other  duties 
as  the  commanding  officer  may  prescribe. 

7.  The  two  privates,  assistant  chauffeurs,  act  as  relief  drivers  and  such  other 
general  duties  as  may  be  proscribed  and  especially  will  be  detailed  to  assist 
the  property  sergeant.     They  will  usually  ride  on  the  truck. 

The  following  form  was  used  in  the  motor-truck  group,  Fort  Sam  Houston, 
Tex.,  and  is  a  suggested  model  for  preparation  of  similar  orders : 

Hkadquakters  Motok  Truck  Group, 
Fort  Sam  Houston,  Tex.,  April  7,  lOlT. 
Gener.\l  Orders,  1 
No.  1.  I 

The  following  regulations  are  published  for  the  guidance  of  truck  companies 
and  storage  detachments  at  this  station,  and  will  be  strictly  observed: 

(1)  Truck  coiupauy  camp. — The  portion  of  the  motor-truck  camp  assigned 
each  truck  company  is  shown  on  plan  in  this  office. 

(2)  Responsibility  of  the  company  or  detachment  commander. — Each  com- 
pany and  detachment  conunander  will  be  held  responsible  for  the  discipline  of 
his  organization  and  f(n'  the  police  of  that  portion  of  camp  pertaining  thereto. 
He  will  see  that  all  orders  and  regulations  are  enforced,  and  that  members  of 
his  company  properly  carry  out  the  duties  assigned  them. 

(3)  DaHjj  service. —  (a)  There  will  be  daily  two  formations  for  roll  call,  as 
follows:  G.lo  a.  m.  and  o.lo  p.  m. 

(b)  Meals  will  be  served  at  the  following  hours:  Week  days — Breakfast, 
0.30  a.  m. ;  dinner,  12.15  p.  m. ;  supper,  5.30  p.  m.  Sundays  and  holidays — 
Breakfast,  7  a.  m. ;  dinner,  12  m. ;  supper,  5.30  p.  m. 

No  meal  will  be  served  after  hour  designated,  except  to  men  unavoidably 
absent  by  reason  of  being  detained  on  duty.  The  serving  of  meals  before  the 
j-egular  hour  therefor  to  men  whose  duties  so  require  will  be  regulated  by  each 
company  commander. 

(c)  Lights  in  tents  will  be  extinguished  and  loud  talking  will  cease  at  10 
p.  m.     IJghts  in  offices  and  mess  hall  will  be  extinguished  at  11  p.  m. 

(d)  Morning  reports  will  be  submitted  to  this  office,  daily,  before  S  a.  m. 
(c)   Officers  will  call  at  adjutant's  office,  daily,  between  11.30  and  11.45  a.  m. 

for  orders  and  instructions. 

(/)  The  sick  of  motor-truck  companies  will  be  sent,  at  hours  designated 
below,  to  the  adjutant's  office  for  examiiuition  by  the  surgeon.  Names  will  bo 
entered  on  sick-rei)ort  book  of  the  organization,  and  this  book,  after  signature 
by  the  organization  connuandei",  will  be  sent  by  a  nonconnnissioned  officer  (or 
au  assistant  truckmaster  in  case  of  civilian  detachment)  to  the  surgeon. 

Sick  call,  12  noon  daily,  except  Sundays  and  holidays;  9.30  a.  m.  Sundays  and 
holidays. 

((j)  All  orders,  reports,  or  other  communications  intended  for  action  of  higher 
authority  will  be  sent  through  this  office. 


50 

(h)  The  guard  of  the  camp  will  be  regulated  by  special  instructions  from 
this  office. 

(4)  Sanitation. —  (a)  The  camp  will  be  kept  clean  and  thoroughly  policed 
at  all  times.  Great  care  will  be  exercised  to  keep  vicinity  of  hydrant  free  from 
standing  water.  Men  are  not  permitted  to  wash  from  running  hydrant  water,  but 
must  provide  themselves  with  washbasins  or  buckets  for  this  purpose.  Ground 
around  incinerator  must  be  kept  free  from  scraps  of  food.  Each  company  will 
be  held  strictly  accountable  for  any  nuisance  that  may  be  committed  in  its 
camp,  the  occurrence  of  which  will  always  be  followed  by  disciplinary  action. 
Firewood  will  be  kept  neatly  piled  in  places  designated  therefor.  All  articles, 
such  as  tin  cans,  etc.,  not  completely  destroyed  in  incinerator,  will  be  hauled 
to  the  dump  every  other  day. 

{b)  Garbage  cans:  Within  the  organizations  of  this  group  the  use  of  garbage 
cans  as  containers  of  garbage  and  other  refuse  is  prohibited. 

(c)  Urine  tub:  Tliere  will  be  a  urine  tub  placed  in  each  company  street  at 
6  p.  m.  The  ground  on  which  it  is  placed  will  be  kept  marked  with  lime  and 
the  site  designated  by  a  lantern  at  night.  This  tube  will  be  removed  at  reveille, 
emptied  into  latrine,  burned  out,  and  sunned. 

(d)  No  alcoholic  liquors  of  any  kind  permitted  within  the  limits  of  this 
camp. 

(e)  Peddlers  and  solicitors  are  not  permitted  in  camp  without  written 
permission  from  this  office. 

(/)  Latrines  and  bathhouses:  Care  will  be  taken  to  prevent  waste  paper 
from  being  scattered  therein.  Latrines  will  be  burned  out  at  8  a.  m.  by  the 
man  detailed  by  this  office  for  that  purpose.  This  does  not,  however,  remove 
the  responsibility  of  the  company  or  detachment  commander  for  the  general 
sanitation  and  police  of  this  building. 

(fif)  The  provisions  of  General  Order  No.  13,  Headquarters  Southern  De- 
partment, July  10,  1916,  will  be  observed.  A  copy  of  this  order  will  be  posted 
on  the  bulletin  board  of  the  company.  All  members  of  motor-truck  companies, 
whether  enlisted  or  civilians,  will  be  required  to  undergo  the  prescribed  physi- 
cal inspections  and  to  take  the  prescribed  preventive  treatments. 

(5)  Service  of  trucks. —  (a)  The  daily  work  of  trucks  will  be  regulated  in  ac- 
cordance with  special  instructions  from  this  office.  Calls  for  trucks  will  be 
issued  to  the  companies  by  the  truck  dispatcher,  who  in  the  discharge  of  his 
duty  will  be  considered  as  acting  in  the  name  of  the  commanding  officer. 

(b)  The  traffic  ordinances  for  the  city  of  San  Antonio  will  be  carefully  ob- 
served by  all  drivers. 

(c)  Trucks  will  not  exceed  a  speed  of  10  miles  per  hour. 

id)  Drivers  will  allow  no  person  to  ride  on  their  trucks  unless  such  person 
has  proper  authority  therefor,  and  under  no  circumstances  will  persons  be 
allowed  to  ride  on  fenders  or  on  running  boards. 

(e)  Cut-outs  and  mufflers  will  be  kept  closed  at  all  times. 

(/)  No  trucks  are  permitted  on  roads  through  the  Artillery  and  Cavalry 
posts,  except  along  New  Braunfels  Avenue. 

(g)  No  privately  owned  automobiles  are  permitted  within  the  limits  of  the 
motor-truck  camp  without  written  authority  of  the  commanding  officer.  It 
is  prohibited  to  do  any  repair  work  on  a  privately  owned  automobile  in  this 
camp. 

(h)  Skid  chains  will  not  be  used  on  trucks  while  driving  on  paved  streets 
of  the  post  proper  or  in  the  city  of  San  Antonio. 

(i)  Accidents:  In  case  of  accident  the  driver  will  invariably  halt  and  render 
any  assistance  possible.     He  will  make  a  report  to  his  company  commander  of 


51 

any  accident  innnediately  upon  his  return  to  his  company.  A  driver  will  be 
held  strictly  accountable  for  any  accident  unless  he  can  clearly  show  not  only 
that  it  was  not  his  fault,  but  also  that  he  could  not  possibly  have  avoided  it. 

(;■)  Enlisted  men  while  actually  drivinj;  trucks  or  automobiles  will  not  salute. 

(k)  Drivers  of  motor-propelled  vehicles  are  prohibited  from  smoking  while 
driving. 

(I)  Jlotors  will  not  be  permitted  to  run  when  trucks  are  stopped  for  period  of 
one  minute  or  longer. 

(in)  No  seal  or  any  part  of  the  mechanism  of  a  motor  vehicle  will  be  opened 
up  or  removed  except  by  specific  authority  of  company  commander. 

(6)  Routine. —  (a)  Each  truck  company  will  turn  in  a  report  daily,  by  4..30 
p.  m.,  to  truck  dispatcher,  showing  the  number  of  trucks  that  will  be  available 
for  duty  on  the  following  day. 

(b)  The  truck  dispatcher  will  submit  a  daily  report  to  this  office  showing 
number  of  trucks  on  duty,  and  the  number  from  each  company  not  available 
for  duty. 

(e)  The  mail  orderly,  detailed  for  the  motor-truck  group  by  this  office, 
will  get  all  mail  intended  for  group  from  the  post  office  at  the  hours  designated. 
He  will  distribute  the  mail  to  the  different  organizations  of  this  command.  No 
other  person  than  the  one  so  designated  is  autliorized  to  obtain  such  mail  from 
the  post  office. 

(d)  Until  further  orders  no  work  will  be  done  on  motors  in  company  parks 
requiring  the  removal  of  crank  case  or  taking  down  of  motor.  All  such  work 
will  be  taken  to  motor  transport  repair  shop. 

(e)  All  requests  for  repairs  of  every  nature  to  motor  cars,  trucks,  or  accesso- 
ries will  be  made  through  this  office.  The  motor  transport  repair  branch  is 
equipped  to  make  such  repairs,  and  to  make  the  usual  adjustments  with  dealers 
or  manufacturers  in  reference  to  defective  parts. 

(7)  Mechanical  equipment. — Each  truck-company  commander  will  be  held 
strictly  accountable  for  the  efficient  handling  and  upkeep  of  the  mechanical 
equipment  under  his  command.  By  frequent  inspections  he  will  assure  himself 
that  all  mechanism  is  in  good  working  order,  so  that  by  timely  discovery  a  de- 
fect or  cause  of  trouble  may  be  obviated.  He  will  see  that  the  various  records 
pertaining  to  cost  of  upkeep  and  operations  are  accurately  kept. 

Special  instructions  will  be  issued  relative  to  upkeep  of  mechanical  equip- 
ment pertaining  to  storage  detachments. 
By  order  of  major. 

FoKM  FOK  Guard  Obdebs. 

(1)  The  guard  will  consist  of  2  noncommissioned  officers,  preferably  assist- 
ant truckmasters,  and  12  other  enlisted  men  of  the  company. 

(a)  The  entire  guard  will  be  furnished  by  company  detailed  by  roster  from 
this  office. 

(b)  Guard  mounting  will  occur  at  6  p.  m.  daily  on  company  parades,  will  be 
informal,  and  mounted  by  the  new  officer  of  the  day. 

(2)  Orders  for  the  officer  of  the  day.— (a)  The  officer  of  the  day  will  satisfy 
himself  that  the  requirements  of  the  guard  manual  are  strictly  enforced  and 
that  the  general  regulations  for  the  motor-truck  camp  are  observed. 

(b)  During  working  hours,  by  frequent  inspections,  he  will  see  that  trucks  at 
work  are  being  properly  handled.  He  will  pay  particular  attention  to  the 
enforcing  of  traffic  rules  and  regulations  as  to  speed.  He  will  make  a  report 
of  all  violations  of  orders,  giving  in  each  case  names  of  those  responsible. 


52 

(c)  He  will  be  funiished  an  automobile  roadster,  to  properly  perform  bis 
duties.  An  enlisted  man  from  the  school  for  chauffeurs  and  mechanics  has  been 
detailed  for  duty  as  chauffeur  of  this  car,  antl  while  he  does  not  hold  property 
on  memorandum  receipt,  he  nevertheless  will  be  responsible  for  the  care  and 
property  pertaining  thereto. 

(d)  No  private  vehicles  of  any  description,  except  those  authorized  by  this 
office,  are  permitted  to  enter  or  remain  in  the  motor-truck  camp.  Vendors,  boot- 
blacks, solicitors,  newsboys,  slop  carriers,  etc.,  are  excluded.  If  such  persons 
desire  permission,  they  will  be  referred  to  this  office. 

(e)  Members  of  the  guard  will  be  armed  as  follows:  The  noncommissioned 
officers  mentioned  in  paragraph  (1)  above  to  be  armed  with  the  caliber  .45 
pistol;  the  12  other  enlisted  men  with  the  .30  caliber  United  States  magazine 
rifle.  Those  armed  with  the  pistol  will  carry  7  rounds  of  ball  ammunition; 
those  armed  with  the  rifle  will  carry  10  rounds  of  guard  cartridges. 

(/)   The  officer  of  the  day  will  remain  in  camp  during  the  night  of  his  tour. 

(g)  All  written  orders,  memoranda,  etc.,  for  the  officer  of  the  day  or  the 
guard  will  be  pasted  in  a  blank  book  kept  for  that  purpose  in  the  guardhouse 
and  transferred  to  successor  daily. 

(3)  Cummandcr  of  the  guard.--((i)  He  will  divide  the  night  with  the  ser- 
geant of  the  guard  so  that  there  will  always  be  one  man  on  watch  at  the 
telephone.  During  the  day  he  will  assist  the  truck  dispatcher  with  his  duties. 
During  absence  of  the  truck  dispatcher  he  will  assume  these  duties. 

{b)  He  will  see  that  all  regulations  and  orders,  as  well  as  requirements  of 
guard  manual,  are  strictly  enforced. 

(c)  The  orderly  messenger  for  the  truck  dispatcher  will  be  taken  from  tlu 
guard,  using  an  available  man  who  is  not  on  post  for  this  duty. 

(d)  In  order  to  prevent  unauthorizeil  use  of  trucks  during  working  hours 
he  will  specifically  assign  the  trucks  of  certain  companies  to  be  observed  and 
passed  out  by  certain  sentinels  on  post.  As  for  example,  the  sentinel  on  No.  1 
to  observe  the  trucks  pertaining  to  Companies  68  and  GO,  and  the  sentinel  on 
No.  2  those  pertaining  to  Companies  17,  36,  and  42.  This  will  not  prevent,  how- 
ever, observation  of  trucks  from  other  and  adjoining  companies. 

(4)  Siiccial  orders  for  sentinels.— Vost  No.  1.— («)  My  post  extends  along 
east  side  of  motor  truck  camp  from  Austin  Iload  to  last  tent  of  Motor  Truck 
Company  No.  68. 

(b)  I  will  allow  no  trucks,  automobiles,  or  other  property  to  be  taken  out  of 
camp  without  a  written  order  from  a  proper  company  commander,  except  in  the 
presence  of  a  proper  truckmaster  or  assistant  truckmaster  of  a  company. 

(c)  I  will  keep  a  sharp  lookout  for  fire. 

(d)  I  will  allow  no  private  vehicles  in  camp  without  authority  from  the 
commanding  officer. 

(c)  I  will  arrest  all  suspicious  characters  in  the  vicinity  of  camp,  turning 
them  over  to  the  connnander  of  the  guard. 

I'osT  No.  2. —  (a)  My  post  extends  along  the  Austin  Road  on  the  north  side  of 
motor  truck  camp  from  northeast  corner  to  northwest  corner  of  same. 

(b)  I  will  allow  no  trucks,  automobiles,  or  other  property  to  be  taken  out  of 
camp  without  a  written  order  from  a  proper  company  commander,  except  in 
the  presence  of  a  proper  truckmaster  or  assistant  truckmaster  of  a  company. 

(c)  I  will  keep  a  sharp  lookout  for  fire. 

(rf)  I  will  allow  no  private  vehicles  in  camp  without  written  authority  from 
the  connnnnding  oflicer. 

(c)  I  will  arrest  all  suspicious  characters  in  the  vicinity  of  camp,  turning  them 
over  to  the  commander  of  the  guard. 


53 

Post  No.  3. —  («)  My  post  extends  on  New  Braunfels  Avenue  along  the  west 
side  of  camp  from  Austin  Road  to  southwest  corner  of  camp. 

(f*)  I  will  allow  no  trucks,  automobiles,  or  other  property  to  be  taken  out  of 
camp  without  a  written  order  from  a  proper  company  commander,  except  In 
the  presence  of  a  proper  truckmaster  or  assistant  truckmaster  of  a  company. 

(e)  I  will  keep  a  sharp  lookout  for  fire. 

{(I)  I  will  allow  no  private  vehicles  in  camp  without  written  authority  from 
the  commanding  oflicer. 

(c)  I  will  arrest  all  suspicious  characters  in  the  vicinity  of  camp,  turning 
•tliem  over  to  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

Post  No.  4. —  (a)  My  post  extends  east  and  west  along  south  side  of  camp 
from  southwest  corner  to  southeast  corner  of  same. 

(b)  I  will  allow  no  trucks,  automobiles,  or  other  property  to  be  taken  out  of 
camp  without  a  written  order  from  a  proper  company  commander,  except  iu  the 
presence  of  a  proper  truckmaster  or  assistant  truckmaster  of  a  company. 

(c)  I  will  keep  a  sharp  lookout  for  fire. 

(d)  I  will  allow  no  private  vehicles  in  camp  without  written  authority  from 
the  commanding  ot!icer. 

(c)  I  will  arrest  all  suspicious  characters  in  the  vicinity  of  camp,  turning 
them  over  to  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

(5)   All  orders  or  instructions  in  conflict  herewith  are  rescinded. 

Form  fob  Fire  Orders. 

The  following  regulations  for  the  government  of  this  command  in  case  of 
fire  are  published  and  will  be  duly  observed  by  all  concerned : 

FIBE  ORDERS. 

1.  In  case  of  tire  the  alarm  will  be  given  by  the  sounding  of  auto  horns  in 
each  company,  men  being  at  once  designated  for  this  purpose  In  each  company 
by  an  officer  or  truckmaster  on  the  ground  at  the  time. 

2.  The  company  on  guard  at  the  time  is  designated  as  Pyrene  Extinguisher 
Co.  The  men  actually  on  post  will  be  used  to  alarm  the  camp  by  the 
sounding  of  horns.  The  other  members  of  the  guard  and  all  members  of  the 
guard  company  will  at  once  secure  extinguishers  and  fall  in  on  the  company  park 
unless  directed  to  the  point  of  fire.  Each  company  will  keep  its  extra  ex- 
tinguishers at  a  designated  and  well-known  place,  ready  for  instant  use  iu 
case  of  alarm.  In  the  absence  of  the  commanding  officer,  the  guard  will  be 
under  the  orders  of  the  fire  marshal. 

3.  Motor  Truck  Companies  Nos.  21  and  6S  are  designated  as  special  guard 
companies.  In  case  of  alarm,  these  companies,  or  the  one  not  on  guard  at  the 
time,  will  fall  in  on  their  company  streets  and  throw  a  guard  around  the  entire 
camp.  This  guard  will  prevent  the  entrance  of  unauthorized  parties  into  camp, 
prevent  theft,  and  guard  against  disorder  generally.  They  will  receive  orders 
from  the  commanding  officer  or  the  fire  marshal. 

4.  Motor  Truck  Companies  Nos.  3G  and  42  are  designated  as  tool  companies. 
In  case  of  alarm  all  members  of  these  companies,  or  of  the  one  not  on  gimrd 
at  the  time,  will  at  once  secure  picks,  spades,  and  axes,  fall  in  on  their  com- 
pany street  and  await  the  orders  of  the  commanding  officer  or  the  fire  marshal. 

5.  Motor  Truck  Companies  Nos.  17  and  GO  are  designated  as  sand  and  gininy- 
sack  companies.  These  companies  will  provide  themselves  with  a  full  com- 
plement of  sacks  for  smothering  of  fire  and  buckets  filled  with  sand.     In  case 


54 

of  alarm  they,  or  the  one  not  on  guard  at  the  time,  will  fall  in  on  their  com- 
pany parades  and  report  to  the  commanding  officer  or  fire  marshal. 

6.  Motor  Truck  Companies  Nos.  28,  30,  and  detachment  will  fall  in  on  their 
company  streets  and  be  held  in  reserve,  reporting  to  the  commanding  officer  or 
fire  marshal. 

7.  Each  organization  of  the  command  will  provide  itself  with  two  piles  of 
sand  of  at  least  4  cubic  yards  each  in  the  company  park.  The  sand  will  be 
kept  sufficiently  moistened  to  avoid  loss  from  the  wind.  It  will  also  keep  on 
hand  24  sacks,  to  be  used  for  smothering  fires. 

8.  In  case  of  alarm  of  fire  in  the  post,  all  organizations  will  fall  in  and 
await  orders. 

9.  Capt.  F.  L.  Case.  Quartermaster  Corps,  is  appointed  fire  marshal.  The 
officer  of  the  day  on  duty  will  act  as  assistant  fire  marshal.  In  case  of  alarm 
organizations  will  not  be  dismissed  until  reported  to  the  commanding  officer, 
fire  marshal,  or  assistant  fire  marshal. 

10.  In  the  absence  of  the  fire  marshal,  the  senior  officer  present  will  perform 
his  functions. 

PBECAUTIONS  AGAINST  FIBE. 

11.  Gasoline  must  be  handletl  with  care  and  common  sense.  Gasoline 
vaporizes  easily,  and  as  the  vapor  is  heavier  than  air,  it  sinks  to  the  ground. 
When  filling  the  gasoline  tank,  be  sure  that  there  are  no  open  lights  or  fire 
near.  If  the  tank  is  to  be  filled  at  night,  do  not  use  a  flame  lamp.  Use  an 
electric  flash  lamp.    Do  not  use  the  gasoline  funnel  for  anything  else. 

12.  In  case  of  fire  do  not  try  to  put  it  out  with  water.  The  burning  gasoline 
will  float  and  spread  the  fire.  Always  keep  a  pail  or  two  of  sand  handy  and 
smother  the  flame  with  it.  A  fire  extinguisher  should  also  be  kept  at  hand  in 
the  shop  or  in  the  truck  park. 

13.  In  case  of  a  truck  catching  on  fire,  the  first  thing  to  do,  if  possible,  is  to 
turn  ofC  the  supply  cock  from  the  tank  to  the  carburetor  and  then  push  the 
car  away  from  the  blazing  gasoline  on  the  ground. 

14.  Do  not  let  a  pool  of  gasoline  drip  from  the  carburetor  when  priming  it,  as 
a  chance  short  circuit  may  give  a  spark  that  will  set  it  on  fire. 

15.  Keep  all  engine  parts,  drip  pans,  and  under  parts  of  vehicle  clean,  and 
the  gasoline  that  drips  onto  these  parts  will  soon  evaporate,  thereby  greatly 
reducing  the  possibility  of  fire. 

16.  A  waste  can  will  be  kept  In  shop  and  In  park.  All  oily,  greasy,  and 
inflammable  waste  or  rags  will  be  placed  therein,  and  not  left  lying  on  benches 
or  floor.  The  soiled  waste  can  be  washed  in  gasoline  and  used  several  times, 
thereby  reducing  expenditure  if  It  Is  carefully  placed  In  cans  until  convenient 
to  clean. 

o 


lilliijiii^: 


11 


I  ".ay  lord  ISros. 
Makers 

Syracuse,  N.  V. 

m.  JAN.  21,  1908 


369518 


ZiS 


A 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA   LIBRARY 
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AUG  911918 

DEC   241931 


